M
largest risk factor for developing gastric cancer
presence of H. Pylori
nursing interventions for continous feedings (gastrostomy) (2)
check residual and flush tubing every 4 hours
normal serum amylase
60-120
if residual is more than 100-150cc ...?
indicates delayed gastric emptying and report to provider
wood/tobacco smoke, nitrite food preservatives, overheated fat products
if N/V occurs while the NG is present ...
the NG is not patent
when dealing with an NG the HOB must be ...
elevated
most common presenting manifestations of esophageal cancer (3)
dysphagia, odynophagia, and pain
S/S of colorectal cancer (3)
blood in the stool, change in bowel habits, cramp-like pain
what do you do when bowel sounds return and pt. is able to pas gas?
remove NG
nursing interventions for patient care with NG (2)
oral care, lubricate nares
radiation for esophageal cancer may cause stenosis of esophagus so treatment is ...
administered over 6-8 weeks to minimize this effect
preoperative care for colectomy (3 N's)
NPO, NG tube, neomycin
indication of hemorrhage with a nasogastric drainage system
significant amount of bright red blood
part or all of the vagus nerves are severed to reduce secretion of hydrochloric acid
vagotomy
opening or fistula is created through the abdominal wall into the stomach, usually for the purpose of introducing food into the stomach
gastrostomy
late S/S of dumping syndrome (2)
increased blood sugar levels and excessive insulin levels
treatment for dumping syndrome (6)
small meals, avoid fluids 1 hr before meals, high protein, low carb, high fat, lie down 1/2 hour after eating
S/S of dumping syndrome (5)
epigastric cramping, fullness, abdominal distention, nausea, NO PAIN is involved
important patient education preoperative for ostomy
body image changes
S/S of electrolyte imbalances (7)
fatigue, headache, nausea, loss of appetite, irritability, drowsiness, muscle cramps
if less than 100cc residual from previous intake ... ?
return to client and proceed with feeding
cardinal diagnostic tests for pancreatitis
elevated serum amylase, lipase, trypsin and elastase
nonsurgical management of pancreatitis (5)
hydration with IV fluids, pain control, drug therapy, maintain rest, NPO
amount of drainage, type of drainage, suction