THEORIES IN 2ND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
what is a natural order hypothesis?
suggested that the acquistion of grammatical structures follows a "natural order" which is predicable
What is translanguaging?
Using a bilingual student’s full linguistic repertoire, across all their languages, flexibly and fluidly to make meaning, communicate, and learn (García, 2017).
What is the purpose of a family interest interview?
To learn about the child's home languages, cultural background, and family values. (Multilingual Learning Toolkit, 2024)
Using DLL identification to find out what languages a child speaks and understands. (DLL Identification Guide, 2024; Espinosa, 2019)
What does multilingulism look like in a classroom?
This is when items within the classroom are labeled and different cultures are represented of home cultures and languages of students as well as in English. (Creating Environments That Include Children’s Home Languages and Cultures, 2025)
what is a monitor hypothesis?
asserts that a learners system acts as a monitor to what they are producing
What is translanguaging in a monolingual classroom?
Allowing students to use their home languages to think, plan, discuss, or clarify ideas even when instruction is entirely in English (Espinosa & Moreno, 2021, Ch. 1).
How can teachers engage families as partners in learning?
By inviting families to share stories, traditions, and resources that connect to classroom learning. (Figueras-Daniel & Vasquez, 2024; Alvarado & Crolotte, 2024)
What are funds of knowledge?
The skills, experiences, and knowledge children bring from home and family life. (Moll, Amanti, Neff, & González, 1992; Figueras-Daniel & Vasquez, 2024)
How can educators visual include home language and culture within the classroom?
They can do this by having photographs of items within the classroom and label them in both home language and English. (Creating Environments That Include Children’s Home Languages and Cultures, 2025)
what is grammer translation method?
a language teaching method developed during the 18th and 19th centuries in germany
What is a literacy principle for emergent bilinguals?
Building literacy by drawing on children’s existing linguistic strengths and connecting new learning to the languages they already use (Espinosa & Moreno, 2021, Ch. 1).
What is a common myth about multilingual families that should be debunked?
That parents of multilingual children don't care about education or supporting learning. (Diaz, 2018)
What is a linguistic repertoire?
All the languages and language varieties a child can use to communicate and think. (García, Johnson, & Seltzer, 2017; SEAL, 2025)
How does an educator incorporate multilingualism into everyday classroom routine?
An example of this is having educators provide a daily classroom schedule and procedure in home language of students and in English. (Creating Environments That Include Children’s Home Languages and Cultures, 2025)
what is communication language teaching?
An approach that empasizes that communication is both the means and the end of language learning
What is expanding the linguistic repertoire?
Providing opportunities for students to develop and use a wider set of linguistic features across all their languages for communication and academic work (Espinosa & Moreno, 2021, Ch. 2).
Why is it important to treat families as language experts?
Because families provide essential knowledge about their child's language and learning needs. (Alvarado & Crolotte, 2024)
How can children use translanguaging in class?
By combining languages to help them think, solve problems, and communicate effectively. (García, Johnson, & Seltzer, 2017; SEAL, 2025)
How does labeling items around the classroom help with multilingualism?
Labeling items in different home languages allows students to connect their home language to the classroom setting. (Creating Environments That Include Children’s Home Languages and Cultures, 2025)
what is the processability theory?
A psycholinguistic theory of second language acquisition
What is creating a linguistic landscape?
Designing the classroom so that multiple languages are visible and heard through signs, labels, books, and materials, supporting identity and bilingual development (Espinosa & Moreno, 2021, Ch. 2).
How can schools build trust with multilingual families?
By communicating in home languages and creating meaningful ways for families to participate. (Diaz, 2018; Multilingual Learning Toolkit, 2024)
Why is getting to know a child's home language important?
It helps teachers support learning, build identity, and create a welcoming environment. (Head Start, 2025; NCECDTL, 2025)
How can parents become involved with multilingualism within the classroom?
Parents can become involved when asked to bring something cultural from home and talk about it learn more about the significance of it with all students. (Creating Environments That Include Children’s Home Languages and Cultures, 2025).