What color do the lesions/plaques appear on an MRI?
What is White
100
What is the most common type of MS? (85% of people with MS)
What is Relapse Remitting (RRMS)
100
This type of abnormal eye movement can be caused by optic neuritis or by lesion affecting the cerebellum or central vestibular pathway
What is Nystagmus
100
What is typically the first manifestation of MS?
What is Optic Neuritis
100
T or F: Multiple Sclerosis is an acute, inflammatory disease of the brain
What is False
MS is a chronic disease!
200
Provides evidence of scarring along nerve pathways that does not show up during the neurologic exam by recording the nervous system’s electrical response to stimulation of sensory pathways
What is Visual Evokes Potentials
200
What is the least common form, only 5% of ppl with MS
that begins with a progressive course with clear relapses and exacerbations
Progressive Relapsing PRMS
200
Complete loss of sensation in part of the body
What is Anesthesias
200
What are the names of the four types of MS?
What is
Relapse Remitting
Secondary Progressive
Primary Progressive
Progressive Relapsing
200
MS is 2-3x more common in women than men and occurs in people most commonly between the ages of 20-50
What is True
300
What are the two criterion for diagnosis?
What is
Find evidence of damage in at least TWO separate areas of the CNS (brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves)
2 or more episodes lasting at least 24 hours and one month apart
300
Progression results in gradual worsening of symptoms without relapses
Primary Progressive (PPMS)
300
Tingling, buzzing, or vibrations reported by the patient are documented as...
What is Dysesthesias
300
What ethnic group is MS most commonly found?
What is Caucasian of Northern European ancestry
300
MS is more common in those who live at latitudes that are closer to the equator
What is False
MS is more common at northern latitudes that are further from the equator
400
This diagnostic test detects the levels of certain immune system proteins and the presence of oligoclonal bands
What is CSF Analysis/ Lumbar Puncture
400
Relapses decrease in frequency over time and convert to a slow, steady progression of increasing disability or disease severity
Less inflammation, greater amount of brain atrophy
What is Secondary Progressive (SPMS)
400
Inflammation of the optic nerve in which the optic disc appears normal
What is Optic Retrobulbar neuritis
400
Why does pregnancy reduce the number of MS exacerbations, especially in the second and third trimesters?
What is increased levels proteins, immunosuppressants, and corticosteroids during pregnancy.
400
26-50% of people with MS have been reported to experience depression during the course of the disease
What is True
500
proteins that are secreted by white blood cells called B-lymphocytes in response to the presence of a substance that is foreign to the body (an antigen).
What is IgG (immunoglobulin G proteins)
500
Symptoms occur once, but never happen again
What is Benign MS
500
Adverse reaction to heat i.e. anything that will raise body temperature (internal or external sources)
What is Uthoff’s Symptom
500
What is "Charcot’s Triad"
What is intention tremor, scanning speech, nystagmus
500
MS impairs fertility or leads to an increased number of spontaneous abortions, stillbirths or congenital malformations.