Category 1
What is the name of the plasma membrane of a muscle cell?
What is the name of the cytoplasm of a muscle cell?
Sarcolemma and Sarcoplasm
What are the differences between voluntary and involuntary movement?
Which types muscles are voluntary and involuntary?
With voluntary you are having conscious control. Then with involuntary is using a portion of the nervous system to control parts of the body.
Smooth and Cardiac are involuntary. Skeletal muscle is voluntary.
T/F Smooth and Skeletal muscle cells are called fibers because the are elongated?
In general, each skeletal muscle is supplied by one nerve, one artery, and two veins…all of which enter or exit the muscle near the middle of its length.
True
False. One nerve, One artery, and ONE OR MORE veins
What are the two sets of tubules that participate in the regulation of muscle contraction?
What ion is used to shorten a sarcomere?
T-Tubules and the Sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Calcium ions
T/F Sarcomeres are the special organelles in muscle tissue used for contraction?
What are the larger perpendicular cross-channels that release calcium to cause muscles to contract?
False. It’s myofibrils.
Terminal Cisternae
The complex of a T tubule with flanked by two terminal cisternae at each A-I junction is called what?
What are the two types of muscle contraction involved in producing movement?
Triad
Concentric and Eccentric Contraction
T/F H-zone contains tiny rods that hold the thick filaments together.
T/F Myofilaments are composed of myosin.
False. The M line contains the tiny rods that hold the thick filaments together.
False. They are composed of thin actin filaments.
T/F Terminal Cisternae are continuations of the sarcolemma, that conduct nerve generated impulses to the deepest regions of the muscle fiber.
Desmosomes, Fasciae adherans, and Gap junctions come together to make/do what?
False. Its T-Tubules
Intercalated discs: which make complex junctions that join cardiac muscle cells together.
What is a spring-like molecule in sarcomeres that resists overstretching
Titin
T/F The thick filaments in Sarcomeres are composed of myosin?
T/F skeletal muscle makes up 40 percent of the bodies weight?
True
True
What is Neuromuscular junction?
-The attachment of the muscle on the less movable bone is called the _____ of the muscle…whereas the attachment on the more moveable bone is called the muscle’s _____.
Interface between nerve and muscle fiber.
Origin, Insertion.
What muscles are referred to as the visceral muscles?
Cardiac and Smooth muscle
What is the diameter of skeletal muscle fibers?
What enzyme is required for the release of energy required for contraction?
10-100 micro meters
ATPase
What are the layers of the C.T. that hold the fibers of a skeletal muscle together?
What are the layers from internal to external?
Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium.
Endomysium, Perimysium, Epimysium.
The more proximal attachment of the muscle is the _____.
The more distal attachment of muscle is the _____.
Origin
Insertion
T/F Only skeletal muscle contains sarcomeres.
What is the definition of a sarcomere?
False. Skeletal muscle and Cardiac muscle contain Sarcomeres.
Basic unit of contraction.
What are all the functions of the muscle? (4)
-Movement
-Maintain Posture
-Joint Stabilization
-Heat Generation
What are the special characteristics (NOT FUNCTION) of Muscles and what do they mean?
-Contractability: muscle cells shorten and generate a strong pulling force as they contract.
-Excitability (HINT CYTE): Nerve signals or other factors excite muscle cells, causing electrical impulses to travel along the cells’ plasma membrane, causing the cells to contract.
-Extensibility: Muscle tissue can be stretched by the contraction of an opposing muscle.
-Elasticity: After being stretched, muscle tissue can recoil passively and resume its resting length.
What muscle is found in the walls of viceral organs?
What muslce forms a thick layer called the myocardium?
Muscle layers generate alternate waves of contraction and relaxation that propel substances through the organ… via a process called what?
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Peristalsis
What is the overcoat of dense, irregular C.T. that surrounds the whole skeletal muscle?
What is a layer of fibrous C.T. that surrounds each fascicle (a group of muscle fibers)?
What is a fine sheath of C.T. consisting mostly of reticular fibers that surrounds each muscle fiber within each fascicle?
Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium