Jaw
This fan-shaped muscle is directly accessible on the lateral aspect of the cranium, before its fibres converge in a thick mass, reaching under the zygomatic arch to connect at the coronoid process of the mandible.
Temporalis
Which scalene muscle does NOT insert onto the first rib?
A. Scalenus anterior
B. Scalenus medius
C. Scalenus posterior
D. Scalenus minimus
C. Scalenus posterior
Which of the following muscles does NOT perform rotation of the head?
A. Splenius capitis
B. Splenius cervicis
C. Trapezius (upper fibres)
D. Sternocleidomastoid
C. Trapezius (upper fibres)
O: TVPs of C1-C4
I: Superior angle and superior medial border of scapula
Levator scapula
Posterior pelvic tilt (tucking the hips under the low back)
This muscle originates from the zygomatic process and inferior border of zygomatic arch.
Masseter
Name the two heads of the SCM muscle.
BONUS: Name the origin of each.
sternal head (O: manubrium of sternum)
clavicular head (O: medial ⅓ portion of clavicle)
Which suboccipital muscle does NOT attach to the cranium?
BONUS: Name the two attachments (Origin & Insertion)
Obliquus capitis inferior
O: SP of axis (C2)
I: TVP of atlas (C1)
A: retraction, elevation, & downward rotation of scapula
Rhomboids (major + minor)
The Erector Spinae group
This muscle performs lateral deviation of mandible to side OPPOSITE of contraction.
Lateral pterygoid
Which are the correct origins of the scalenus anterior muscle?
TVPs of C1–C5
TVPs of C3–C6
TVPs of C2–C7
TVPs of C5–C7
O: TVPs of C3–C6
The upper & lower fibres of trapezius perform ______ rotation of scapula.
Upward rotation of scapula
This muscle shares its Insertion with the Origin of the deltoid muscle.
BONUS: Name the Insertion
Trapezius
lateral third of clavicle; acromion; spine of scapula
Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis
True or False: The medial pterygoid originates from the lateral pterygoid plate.
TRUE
Medial pterygoid
O: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid; palatine bone & pterygoid fossa
Which two long, deep muscles of the anterior neck can be thought of as the "core muscles of the neck", performing neck flexion and protecting the normal lordotic curve of the cervical spine?
Longus cervicis (Longus colli)
& Longus capitis
Name the shared actions of the Splenius capitis & Splenius cervicis muscles
Extension of head & neck (bilateral)
Rotation & lateral flexion of head/neck to contracted side (ipsilateral)
As: adduction, medial rotation & extension of humerus; anterior pelvic tilt, elevation of pelvis; depression of scapula?
Latissimus dorsi
This muscle inserts on the xiphoid process and costal cartilage of ribs 5, 6, and 7.
Rectus abdominis
Which muscle definitely does NOT assist with protraction of the mandible?
A. Temporalis
B. Masseter
C. Medial pterygoid
D. Lateral pterygoid
A. Temporalis (performs retraction of mandible)
True or False: Although the Rectus capitis anterior and Rectus capitis lateralis perform different actions to the head, they both originate from the TVP of the atlas (C1) and insert onto the occipital bone.
TRUE
Rectus capitis anterior
O: anterior TVP of atlas (C1)
I: occipital bone (basilar part anterior to foramen magnum)
A: flexion of head
Rectus capitis lateralis
O: Superior TVP of atlas (C1)
I: occipital bone (jugular process)
A: lateral flexion of head
Name all four suboccipital muscles.
Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Obliquus capitis superior
Obliquus capitis inferior
These two muscles both perform depression of the lower ribs
Though they share attachments on iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and rectus sheath, the (external/internal) obliques originate from the Thoracolumbar Fascia, whereas the (external/internal) obliques originate from the Pubic Crest.
BONUS: Which performs same-side torso rotation, and which performs opposite-side rotation?
Internal Oblique O:
•Iliac Crest
•Inguinal Ligament
•Thoracolumbar Fascia
External oblique
External Oblique O:
•Anterior ½ of Iliac Crest
•Inguinal Ligament
•Pubic Tubercle/Crest
•Rectus Sheath
Internal: ipsilateral rotation
external: contralateral rotation