Muscle Systems
Groups of organs working together to perform vital functions for the body
What is an organ system?
Muscle found only in heart
What is cardiac smooth muscle?
The three types of muscle tissue
What is smooth, skeletal, and cardiac?
This is the scientific name for a muscle cell.
What is a myocyte?
What is the sarcolemma?
Sarcolemma is a plasma membrane of a muscle fiber.
Lymph nodes, spleen; fluid balance and fighting infection.
What is the lymphatic system?
Nerves that transmit signals to the muscle, allowing for voluntary control.
What is nerve tissue?
The three connective tissue layers in the muscle
What is the endomysium, the perimysium, and the epimysium?
These long threadlike structures inside the muscle cells help the cells contract.
What are myofibrils?
What is the primary function of a sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)?
To store and release calcium ions to trigger muscle contraction.
They are Integumentary System, Skeletal System, Muscular System, Nervous System, Endocrine System, Cardiovascular System, Lymphatic System, Respiratory System, Digestive System, Urinary System, and Reproductive System (Female and Male)
What are the types of organ systems?
Sheaths like the epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium that bundle muscle fibers and provide structure.
What is connective tissue?
Where the muscle tissues are found
What is skeletal muscles are attached to bones, cardiac muscle is found in the heart, and smooth muscle is found in digestive system and blood vessels?
Myofibrils are made of these two main types of protein filaments.
What are Actin and Myosin?
When an electrical signal arrives at the sacrolemma, what happens next (related to the SR)?
The signal travels down T-tubules, causing the SR to release stored Calcium into the sarcoplasm.
Largest organ system in our body
What is the Integumentary system?
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
What are types of muscle tissue in organs?
The function of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue
What is skeletal muscles voluntary move your body, maintain posture, and generate heat, cardiac muscle pumps blood throughout the body, and smooth muscles move substances through internal organs like the digestive tract, blood vessels, and airways?
This repeating unit inside a myofibril is the smallest part of a muscle that can contract.
What is a sarcomere?
Fill in the blank. An action potential causes calcium ions to diffuse from the _____ into the _____, leading to muscle contraction.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum; sarcoplasm
Order of organ system organization
What is cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism?
enabling mobility, maintaining posture, providing stability, regulating body temperature, and facilitating vital processes such as circulation, respiration, and digestion
What is the function of muscles?
The function of each connective tissue layer.
What is epimysium enclosing entire muscle and providing structure, perimysium bundling muscle fibers and carrying blood vessels, and endomysium surrounding each individual muscle fiber and delivering nutrients and signals directly to each fiber?
During muscle contraction, these filaments slide past each other, shortening the muscle.
What is the sliding filament theory?
If calcium pumps in the sarcoplasmic reticulum failed, how would this immediately affect a muscle fiber’s ability to contract and relax?
Calcium would remain high in sarcoplasm, preventing relaxation (keeping myosin bound to actin, causing sustained contraction/spasm).