Muscle Structure
Muscle Types and Attachments
Action Potential
Muscle Function and Movement
Mystery
100
The innermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers
What is endomysium?
100
Muscles are generally attached to bones at these two locations.
What is the origin and the insertion?
100
If more sodium (Na+) enters the cell than potassium (K+) leaves, the electrical charge of the cell becomes more __________
What is positive?
100
This muscle allows the neck to flex downward or side to side.
What is the sternocleidomastoid?
100
Muscle cells have more of this organelle than other cell types
What is mitochondria?
200
Bundle of muscle fibers (sticks)
What is a fascicle?
200
Name this muscle type
What is cardiac muscle?
200
Action potentials cause muscles to _________
What is contract?
200
This type of intercostal muscle raises the rib cage during breathing.
What are the external intercostal muscles?
200
Sarcoplasm differs from cytoplasm in that it stores unusually large amounts of _________
What are glycosomes?
300
What are the green lines called?
What is Z-line (aka. Z-disk, Z-band)?
300
Cardiac muscle cells are structurally connected by _______
What are intercalated disks?
300
True or False: if enough acetylcholine (ACh) is released, the sarcolemma becomes temporarily impermeable to sodium ions (Na+)
What is false?
300
This muscle helps extend the elbow and is sometimes called the boxer's muscle.
What is triceps brachii?
300
Rigor mortis is caused by a lack of __________.
What is ATP?
400
Main component of THIN filaments (about 7 nm diameter)
What is actin?
400
Sheetlike or ropelike tendon that extends beyond the muscle as an indirect attachment
What is aponeuroses?
400
Acetylcholine (ACh) is broken down in this location.
What is the synaptic cleft?
400
This muscle type is located in the walls of the bronchial tree and controls the diameter of the airways through contraction and relaxation.
What is smooth muscle?
400
This structure insulates and protects nerve cells, allowing electrical impulses to travel quickly and efficiently
What is a myelin sheath?
500
This motor protein generates muscle contraction by sliding and converting ATP to chemical energy. It runs the length of the A band but not the I band.
What is myosin?
500
In direct muscle attachment, the ______ of the muscle is fused to the __________ of bone or the perichondrium of cartilage.
What is epimysium, what is periosteum?
500
Calcium ions are reabsorbed into this structure
What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
500
Name one of the muscles used in blinking.
What is the orbicularis oculi / levator palpebrae superioris / inferior palpebral / superior tarsal (Müller's muscle)?
500
These structures are almost perfectly aligned along each myofibril and give skeletal muscle its striated appearance.
What are Dark (A) bands and Light (I) bands?