Muscle Basics
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac
What molecule provides the energy for contraction?
ATP
What muscle covers the chest and helps move the arm forward?
Pectoralis Major
When one muscle contracts, what must the opposite muscle do?
Relax
Injury that involves overstretching or tearing a muscle or tendon?
Strain
What 2 types of muscle are involuntary?
Cardiac and Smooth
What ion triggers muscle contraction?
Calcium
What muscle bends the elbow?
Biceps Brachii
In elbow extension, what is the agonist?
Triceps Brachii
What genetic disorder causes progressive muscle weakness over time?
Muscular Dystrophy
Connects muscle to bone
Tendons
What two proteins are used in muscle contraction?
Actin and Myosin
What large back muscle pulls the arms down and back?
Latissimus Dorsi
In knee flexion, what is the antagonist?
Quadriceps
What grade causes a complete tear of a ligament? (Grade of Strain or Sprain)
Grade 3 Sprain
What type of muscle is found in organs?
Smooth
Thin filaments that slide over myosin.
Actin
Abdominal wall (core muscles) that causes flexion of the trunk
Rectus Abdominus
Agonist during arm adduction.
Pectoralis major/Latissimus dorsi
What condition causes muscles to shrink from lack of use?
Muscle Atrophy
Connects bones to bones
Ligaments
What is it called when myosin pulls actin inward.
Power Stroke
Front lower leg muscle that causes dorsiflexion
Tibialis Anterior
In arm abduction, what is the agonist and antagonist?
Agonist: Deltoid, Antagonist: Pectoralis Major/Lats
What autoimmune disease causes muscle weakness due to blocked nerve signals?
Myasthenia gravis