Gross Anatomy
Microscopic Anatomy
Actions of Muscles
Neuromuscular
Muscle Energy
Major Muscles
100
These muscle cells are composed of many fibrils and contract when stimulated
What are muscle fibers?
100
These are the elongated threads found in striated muscle cells.
What are myofibrils?
100
The action of bending a limb or joint.
What is Flexion?
100
The electrical charge inside or around a nerve cell
What is Polarization?
100
A neurotransmitter found in thecentral, sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
What is Acetylcholine?
100
Also known as the calf muscle:
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What is the Gastrocnemius muscle?
200
A tough cord or band of dense white fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.
What are tendons?
200
This protein, along with thin filaments made up of actin, compose structures called sarcomeres, which are the basic units of muscle contraction.
What is myosin?
200
The action of straightening a limb or joint.
What is Extension?
200
When the membrane potential becomes less negative (more positive).
What is Depolarization?
200
Muscle contraction occurs when these filaments slide over one another in a series of repetitive events.
What is Myosin and Actin?
200
This muscle originates at the manubrium of the sternum and has an insertion at the mastoid process of the temporal bone of the skull.
What is the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
300
A connective tissue that wraps around organs, providing support and holding parts together.
What is fascia?
300
This protein, found in all eukaryotic cells, forms filaments that make up a main component of the cell's cytoskeleton.
What is Actin?
300
The movement of a limb or other part toward the midline of the body.
What is adduction?
300
Refers to the change in membrane potential that returns it to a negative value just after the depolarization phase of an action potential has changed the membrane potential to a positive value.
What is Repolarization?
300
In a relaxed muscle, these chemicals block the attachment site for the myosin crossbridge, thus preventing contraction.
What is Troponin and Tropomyosin?
300
This muscle connects the upper extremity to the vertebral column and allows for rotation of the trunk:
What is the Latissimus Dorsi?
400
Dense, fibrous membrane covering the surfaces of bones, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner cellular layer
What is the periosteum?
400
This large protein functions as a molecular spring, which is responsible for the passive elasticity of muscle.
What is Titin?
400
The movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body.
What is Abduction?
400
A momentary change in electrical potential on the surface of a neuron or muscle cell (also known as nerve impulses).
What is Action Potential?
400
An enzyme that splits acetylcholine into acetic acid and choline. Called also acetylcholinesterase.
What is Cholinesterase?
400
A group of muscles located in the front of the thigh, containing four muscles:
What are the quadriceps?
500
The muscle site that does not move during contraction (anchor point).
What is origin?
500
This protein works with troponin, regulating the interaction of actin and myosin in muscular contraction.
What is Tropomyosin?
500
This term is used for the movement when we point our toes, or stand on our tip-toes.
What is Plantar Flexation?
500
Release the neurotransmitters of the presynaptic cell.
What are Axon Terminals?
500
The energy currency of life.
What is ATP?
500
A thick, fan-shaped muscle, situated at the chest (anterior) of the human body:
What is the Pectoralis major?
600
The point of attachment in a muscle where more movement occurs.
What is the insertion site?
600
A system of membrane-bound tubules that surrounds muscle fibrils, releasing calcium ions during contraction and absorbing them during relaxation.
What is a Sacroplasmic reticulum?
600
When rotating our forearms or feet, this term is used to describe our palms and soles facing forward of our body.
What is Supination?
600
Junctions between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.
What is a synapse?
600
A waste byproduct that is generated from muscle metabolism.
What is Creatinine?
600
This muscle is located on the outer aspect of the shoulder and is recognized by its triangular shape and common site for IM injections:
What is the Deltoid?