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Microscopic
Microscopic II
Functioning
Anatomy I
Anatomy II
100
These are the three types of muscle and one characteristic for each
What is smooth, skeletal, cardiac Smooth- no striations, tapered at both ends, involuntary Cardiac- striations, intercalated discs, heart, involuntary Skeletal- striations, multi-nucleated, voluntary
100
This is the name for the cytoplasm of a muscle cell
What is sarcoplasm
100
This is the role of a synergist
What is assistance with prime mover/agonist
100
A band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone is this
What is tendon
100
This is the muscle responsible for chewing/mastication
What is masseter.
200
This is the basic contraction unit
What is sarcomere
200
This is the resting potential (charge) of a skeletal muscle fiber. This is what happens to the charge when there is an action potential.
What is -70 mV (negative is a perfectly acceptable answer). Becomes more positive
200
This is the role of the prime mover/agonist and the antagonist
What is prime mover is responsible for most of the movement. Antagonist opposes prime mover. Must be relaxed for prime mover to contract
200
These are 3 different ways that muscles can be named
What is shape, location, function, fiber direction, # of heads/divisions, points of attachment, size
200
The trapezius gets its name from this
What is shape
300
This is another name for a muscle cell
What is muscle fiber
300
These structures help an action potential travel further into the cell to hit all of the myofilaments
What is transverse tubules or T-tubules
300
Describe the difference between fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles
What is fast-twitch respond quickly, while slow-twitch are better for endurance. Slow-twitch have a high concentration of myoglobin molecules
300
The vastus lateralis and the vastus medialis are located here.
What is in the upper leg
300
These muscles elevate the ribs for respiration
What is intercostals
400
These are what A bands are composed of when looking at striations.
What is thick filaments
400
Describe epimysium, perimysium and endomysium
What is epimysium covers entire muscle, perimysium surrounds fascicles, endomysium surrounds a muscle fiber. They are all connective tissue membranes
400
Describe origin and insertion of a muscle
What is origin is attachment to non-moving bone, insertion is attachment to the moving bone
400
The semispinalis is located here
What is posterior of neck
400
The gastrocnemius is located here
What is posterior of lower leg
500
Describe contraction in as much detail as possible. Include myosin, actin, troponin, tropomyosin, calcium, and acetylcholine
What is acetylcholine triggers calcium release into the muscle cells. Calcium binds to troponin on thin filaments. Troponin moves tropomyosin that allows myosin heads (thick filaments) to actin (thin filaments). Sliding filament theory
500
This is what happens during depolarization and repolarization
What is muscle cell becomes positive and action occurs, repolarization is the return of the cell to its negative voltage.
500
Describe isometric and isotonic muscle movements
What is isotonic: muscle shortens as it contracts, able to move something. Isometric= no change in length of muscle (no movement)
500
Provide one example of how a muscle is named
What is biceps brachii= # of heads and location
500
This is where the iliopsoas are located
What is hip