Muscle Fiber Types
"Short-term contractions" is a characteristic of which muscle fiber type
Type II
What are the two components of a sarcomere
Actin and Myosin
The functional unit of a muscle cell is called
A sarcomere
Skeletal muscles are muscles that move the ___________________________________.
Skeleton/bones
Please point to your gastrocnemius
Part of the calves located on the posterior side of the lower leg, near the top
These muscle fibers are primarily used for long-duration activities, requiring less force output
Type I
What happens to the length of the sarcomere during a muscle contraction?
It shortens
"A motor unit will either contract maximally or not at all" describes which vocabulary term?
All-or-nothing principle
_______________________ is the middle layer of skeletal muscle;
Perimysium
Please identify where the Latissimus Dorsi muscle is located
On the middle-to-low back; it connects each humerus bone, wraps along the back of the ribcage, and connects to the sacrum of the spine by your hips; known as the "wingspan" of the body.
Which type of muscle fiber is predominantly used during movements that require high levels of force and power, such as a sprint?
Type II
______________ is also known as the "thin filament"
Actin
The series of steps in muscle contraction involving how myosin and actin filaments slide past one another to produce a muscle contraction, resulting in a shortening of the sarcomere is called
Unlike cardiac and smooth muscle, skeletal muscle appears/looks ________________________. (What is the pattern on the muscle fibers?)
Striped/striated.
Please identify where your Pectoralis Major/Minor are located.
Front of body; the chest.
The type of muscle fiber that is likely found in many of our muscles related to postural control, such as the erector spinae, is
Type I
Continuous muscle contractions cannot occur without the "energy" compound called
ATP (ADP is also acceptable)
Which vocabulary term describes when myosin detaches from actin and muscle returns to its normal position; the muscle is neither contracted nor stretched.
Resting length of a muscle
Fascia and _________________________ are the two outer-most layers of skeletal muscle
Epimysium
Please demonstrate what the erector spinae muscle does to your body when it contracts (is working/flexing).
Upright posture and spinal extension (backbending)
Identify a specific movement, exercise, or sports-scenario that would utilize Type II muscle fibers.
Anything requiring high force output, power, and explosiveness, such as a sprint, long/high jump, throwing in track and field, etc.
During a muscle contraction, the __________ lines move closer to the __________ line.
What is the name of the specific neurotransmitter that is used for the neuromuscular system
Acetylcholine (AcH)
Please name any skeletal muscle that is responsible for FLEXING any joint in your body.
Deltoids (anterior) help to flex the shoulder, biceps brachii flex the elbow, rectus abdominis flexes the spine, psoas (hip flexors) flex the hip, hamstrings flex the knee, anterior tibialis flexes the ankles
Please explain the difference between the transverse abdominis and the rectus abdominis
Transverse abdominis is located on the internal-most layer of the abdomen and is responsible for the "drawing-in" maneuver. The rectus abdominis is located on the middle layer of the abdomen and is responsible for flexion or "bracing" of the spine.