Fractures
Fracture that also involves the skin or mucous membrane
Compound fracture
Signs and symptoms that a nurse would look for in a client that just had a cast put on.
Pain, paralysis, paresthesia, pressure, pulseless, pallor
Compartment syndrome signs and symptoms
These are what a client who had hip arthroplasty need to avoid.
Avoid bending forward when seated in chair to also keep flexion less that 90 degrees, avoid crossing legs when seated, and use an abduction pillow.
This is the second choice for the management of osteoarthritis.
Celecoxib
Spine is curved sideways
Scoliosis
Bone has been compressed and you would see this in vertebral fractures.
Compression fractures
This will show up on an x-ray as a twisting around of the shaft of the bone and is a potential sign of abuse.
Spiral fracture
Don't apply non prescription medications, don't exceed physician's recommendation on weight bearing, monitor capillary refill or peripheral pulses, monitor for hemorrhage (tourniquet at bedside), elevate area for 24 hrs, and encourage to lie in the prone position several times a day to limit hip flexion.
Post-op instructions for amputation
Drink 2-3 L of fluids, if not contraindicated, to promote excretion and maintain hydration due to the adverse drug reaction of renal toxicity.
Methotrexate
Small window that helps monitor redness, edema, any kind of wound, and client reports any kind of discomfort.
Cast Window
Can occur without trauma or a fall and is common in client's with bone cyst, Paget's Disease, and tumors.
Pathological fracture
Median nerve in the wrist becomes compressed resulting in pain, numbness, and tingling.
Carpal Tunnel syndrome
You would advise a client with hip arthroplasty to maintain this to prevent hip dislocation.
Abduction
Colchicine; Allopurinol is used to prevent acute attacks of this disorder.
Gout
Osteoporosis
Pulling away of a fragment of bone by a ligament or tendon and it's attachment.
Avulsion fracture
Ligament is torn or ruptured completely, w/possible detachment of a fragment of bone and hematoma formation. Has severe pain, edema, and abnormal joint movement.
3rd degree sprain
Always get a baseline for neurovascular checks, monitor neurovascular status every 1 hour for the first 24 hours, elevate extremity for the first 24-48 hours, and monitor for foul odors and drainage.
Nursing management for casts
Medication most commonly prescribed for Paget's Disease.
Alendronate
Client has compartment syndrome would their capillary refill be less that 3 seconds?
No because blood flow can't get to the extremity.
Bone fragment is driven into another bone fragment
Impacted fracture
Involves stretching of the ligament fibers. Has mild edema, tenderness, and pain if joint is moved
1st degree sprain
A nurse would advise a client with a strain or sprain to do this.
Rest, Ice, Compress, and Elevate (RICE)
You would avoid these types of medications in older clients with osteoporosis
NSAIDs
Medication prescribed for management of pain in SLE.
Hydroxychloroquine
Break occurs at an angle across the bone
Oblique fracture
Involves partial tearing of the ligament with edema, pain with motion, joint instability, and some loss of function.
2nd degree sprain
A nurse would advise a parent of a child who has a epiphyseal fracture that they are at risk for this.
It could hinder their growth.
Prescribed drug management for rheumatoid arthritis
Methotrexate
Bloodwork will reveal hyperuricemia which is typically from the ingestion of purines.
Gout