The Mmmuscles
All three types of muscle tissue are made up of muscle cells known as _______________.
Fibers
Red bone marrow
What are the three classifications of joints, based upon their movement?
(Bonus: Provide one example of joints in each category.)
(immovable --> cranium bones ; slightly movable --> vertebrae joints ; freely movable --> any of the six types)
The largest organ of the body is the...
Skin
The word "Kinesis" means...
Movement
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Cardiac, Smooth, Skeletal
Which bone is also known as the shoulder blade?
(BONUS: which bone is also known as the collarbone?)
Shoulder --> Scapula
Collarbone --> Clavicle
Strong bands of fibrous connective tissue that fast bones together are known as...
Ligaments
List all five components of the integumentary system.
Skin, Hair, Nails, Sweat Glands, and Sebaceous Glands
The prefix "osteo-" means...
Bone
Cardiac and smooth muscles are examples of the involuntary muscular system, meaning we cannot directly control it. These are involved in the _______________ nervous system.
Somatic Nervous System
What are the four main classifications of bones?
(Bonus: Provide ONE example for each one.)
Long (arms/legs) ; Short (carpals/tarsals) ;
Flat (cranial, sternum, ribs, scapula) ; Irregular (vertebrae, pelvis, mandible)
What is the name of the tissue that keeps bones from touching each other in freely movable joints?
Cartilage
What are the three layers of the skin known as (in order from top to bottom)?
(Bonus: Which layer is the most complex, functioning as the location for the sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and hair follicles, among other things?)
Epidermis > Dermis > Hypodermis (Subcutaneous Layer)
Dermis is most complex.
"Derm-" or "Derma-"
What's the difference between slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscles? (In other words, how do we use these two types of muscles?)
Slow-twitch: better for endurance, longevity, and slower movement. Also used for basic muscular abilities, such as standing, sitting, leaning against a wall
Fast-twitch: better for faster and higher intensity movements, such as sprinting and jumping.
The human skeletal system is divided into what two major parts?
(Bonus: What is the largest bone known as?
(Bonus: Where is the smallest bone located?)
Axial and Appendicular
Largest --> Femur
Smallest --> in the ear
List at least 3 types of joints.
1) Ball-and-socket ; 2) Hinge ; 3) Pivot
4) Gliding ; 5) Saddle ; 6) Ellipsoid
What's the difference between the Meissner's Corpuscle and the Pacinian Corpuscle?
Meissner's corpuscle --> responsible for sensing LIGHT/SOFT pressure
Pacinian Corpuscle --> responsible for sensing HEAVY/HARD Pressure (remember Pacinian for Pressure)
The prefix for muscles is...
"My-" or "Myo-"
About how many muscles do we have in the human body?
(Bonus: What is the name of the largest muscle?)
(Bonus: Where is the strongest muscle in the body located?)
Over 600.
Largest muscle -- Gluteus maximus
Strongest muscle -- located in the jaw area
If I am sticking out my arm, giving someone a thumbs up, which forearm bone is facing downwards?
(BONUS: which bone is facing upwards?)
Upwards --> Radius
The best example of a saddle joint is located where in the body?
Thumbs
What is the function of the arrector pili?
small, smooth muscles attached to hair follicles that contract to make hairs stand on end and cause goosebumps. These muscles are involuntary and are triggered by cold or fear (or intense emotions).
Sebaceous glands release an oil-like mixture of fatty material and cellular debris called _________, that is used to lubricate the hair and skin.
Sebum