Movable Joints in the MS Exam!
This type of joint allows for rotation and is found between C1 and C2 vertebrae and between the humerus and radius.
What is a pivot joint?
Carpal tunnel syndrome is often caused by repetitive movements of this joint, especially in typing or assembly work.
What is the wrist?
Explain the difference between abduction and adduction:
What is:
Abduction - Movement of the joint away from the body.
Adduction - Movement of the joint into midline of the body.
Provide the definition of 0/5 muscle strength:
What is no muscle activation?
You are diagnosing a patient with Gouty Arthritis, what symptoms should they present with?
What is tenderness, swelling, and inflammation of the joint?
This joint type permits bending and straightening and is located in the elbow, knee, and ankle.
What is a hinge joint?
This nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome, causing numbness and tingling in the thumb, index/middle fingers:
What is the median nerve?
Explain the difference of Extension vs. Flexion:
What is:
Extension - Decreased angle between two body parts.
Flexion - Reduction of the angle between two body parts.
Define active range of motion (AROM):
What is using your own muscle tone without assistance?
You have a patient diagnosed with Osteoarthritis, what are risk factors associated with this disease process?
What is obesity, being female, family history, hypermobility syndromes, age > 40 years old, previous injuries, peripheral neuropathy, and occupations that overuse joints?
You will find this joint type in the shoulder and hip, it allows movement in many directions.
What is a ball and socket joint?
This test involves tapping over the median nerve at the wrist to produce tingling at the fingers.
What is the Tinel's sign?
Explain the difference between Supination vs. Pronation:
What is:
Supination - When the joint rolls outward
Pronation - When the joint rolls inward.
Provide the definition of 3/5 muscle strength:
What is muscle activation with full range of motion against gravity but not against resistance?
Define the Ottawa Knee Rules.
What is age > 55 y/o, tenderness of the fibula head, isolated tenderness of the patella, inability to flex the knee at 90 degrees?
These joints allow flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction - but not full rotation - and are found in the wrists and fingers.
What are condyloid joints?
What is the Phalen's Test?
Explain the difference between Plantar flexion vs. Dorsiflexion:
What is:
Plantar flexion - Points the foot downward away from the shin.
Dorsiflexion - Lifts the foot upward toward the shin.
Define passive range of motion (PROM):
What is movement of your body part that is able to be moved, but with assistance?
This condyloid joint in the wrist allows for movement in two planes but not full rotation.
What is the radiocarpal joint?
This type of joint is less mobile than a than a ball and socket but offers more stability with movement in planes.
What is a condyloid joint?
Common treatment options for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome include wrist splinnts, corticosteroid injections, and this procedure.
What is Carpal Tunnel Release surgery?
Explain the difference between Medial rotation vs. Lateral rotation:
What is:
Medial rotation - turns a limb toward the midline of the body.
Lateral rotation - turns it away from the midline.
Provide the definition of 4/5 muscle strength:
What is muscle activation with full range of motion against gravity and some weak resistance?
You have a patient admitted with osteomyelitis, what increases the risk of osteomyelitis?
What is poor peripheral perfusion, diabetes, smoking history, etoh use, obesity, previous infection (MRSA, etc)?