Primary diagnostic procedure used for musculoskeletal disorders.
What is x-ray or imaging studies
100
Potential complication following knee and hip arthroplasty. Signs and symptoms include: acute onset of dyspnea, tachycardia, and pleuritic chest pain.
What is pulmonary embolism
100
Patients who are post-operative knee and hip arthroplasty must be taught to report signs and symptoms including swelling, redness, and pain in the calf. This could be a common complication.
What is deep vein thrombosis
100
Assess the client's level, location, and frequency. Assess using a 0-10 scale and have the patient describe it.
What is pain
100
This type of fracture indicates the bone is fragmented
What is comminuted
200
Endoscopic procedure done to visualize the internal structures of a joint.
What is arthroscopy
200
Patients who exhibit signs and symptoms of this are not routine surgical candidates.
What is infection
200
Educate patients on the signs and symptoms of this potential complication which can occur (usually) within 48 hours following long bone fractures. Signs and symptoms are similar to pulmonary embolism, but the discriminating factor is cutaneous petechiae (pinpoint-sized subdermal hemorrhages that occur on the neck, chest, upper arms, and abdomen).
What is fat embolism
200
Assess the client for numbness or tingling of the extremity. Loss of this may indicate nerve damage.
What is sensation
200
This fracture occurs from a twisting motion (common with physical abuse)
What is spiral
300
This diagnostic procedure is done when a client's entire skeletal system is to be evaluated. It is done using radionuclide such as gallium or thallium.
What is bone scan
300
occurs when pressure within one or more of the muscle compartments of the extremity compromises circulation, resulting in an ischemia-edema cycle. Capillaries dilate in an attempt to pull oxygen into the tissue.
What is compartment syndrome
300
Patients with osteomyelitis should be informed they will need long course antibiotic therapy. This is the amount of time the patient can expect to be on IV and oral antibiotics.
What is 3 months
300
Press the nail beds of the affected extremity until blanching occurs. Blood should be within 3 seconds.
What is capillary refill
300
Fracture that occurs on one side (cortex), but does not extend completely through the bone. Occurs mot often in children.
What is greenstick
400
These scans are done to estimate the density of a client's bone mass and presence /extent of osteoporosis. Contrast material is not used; these scans are usually done on the wrist, hip, or spine.
What is Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scans
400
Clients on long-term corticosteroid therapy lose calcium from their bone due to direct inhibition of osteoblast function, inhibition of gastrointestinal calcium absorption, and enhancement of bone resorption.
What is osteoporosis
400
Patients are advised to use this (on a cool setting) if they should become itchy under their cast.
What is a blow dryer
400
These should be palpable and at baseline; they should also be equal to the unaffected extremity.
What is pulses
400
This type of fracture goes through the entire bone, dividing it into two parts.
What is complete fracture
500
Studies done to determine the presence and cause of muscle weakness. These studies are able to indicate potential diagnoses such as: myasthenia gravis, carpal tunnel, and Guillain Barre.
What is Electromyography and Nerve Conduction Studies
500
An infection of the bones and is caused due to the S. aureus bacteria breaking into the body's tissues and entering the bloodstream through an open wound.
What is osteomyelitis
500
This type of pain occurs after an amputation. It is related to severed nerve pathways and is a frequent complication in clients who experience chronic limb pain before the amputation.
What is phantom pain
500
Note the 5 "P's" of a neurovascular assessment
What is pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia
500
These types of fractures are the most common injury to older adults.