Musculoskeletal
What is a sprain?
Injury to the joint is severe enough that a ligament is partially or completely torn
Fractures at this location alter bone growth and require surgical repair
Epiphyseal plate
What type of breathers are Infants?
Obligatory nose breathers
Pneumonia is caused by what?
Caused by RSV, Strep pneumonia, H. Influenza, mycoplasma
List a major causes of brain damage in children
Falls, MVA, Bicycles, Sports injuries
What is juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
Chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting joints and surrounding tissues
What is an advantage to using a fiberglass cast instead of a plaster of Paris cast?
This type of cast dries rapidly
Characteristics of Cystic Fibrosis
True or false. Epiglottitis is a medical emergency?
True
What is a Subdural hemorrhage?
bleeding between the dura and the arachnoid membrane
Define muscular dystrophy?
Inherited disorder with progressive degeneration of symmetric skeletal muscle groups causing muscle weakness and wasting
What is compartment syndrome?
Compression of nerves, blood vessels, and muscle in confined place causing neuromuscular ischemia
How is Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosed
Sweat chloride test - Chloride concentration greater than 60 mEq/L
Pertussis is also referred to as?
Whooping cough
What is an example of a medication for treatment of head injuries?
Mannitol: osmotic diuretic to treat cerebral edema
Antiepileptic's: prevents/treats seizures
Antibiotics: used in cases of CSF leakage, penetrating injuries, lacerations
Analgesics: pain management
Name four of the nine fractures discussed in lecture
Transvers, oblique, Spiral, Comminuted, segmental, Avulsed, impacted, torus, Greenstick
What is one sigh that an infection has occurred under a cast?
Hot spots
Nasopharyngitis is referred to as what?
Common cold
Pertussis is caused by what?
Bordetella pertussis
What is the diagnosis criteria for bacterial meningitis?
Cloudy color, elevated WBC count, elevated protein content, decreased glucose, positive Gram stain.
Define Scoliosis
Characterized by lateral curvature of spine
A nurse suspects a DVT in a patient’s leg and removes the leg from traction to access further. What should the nurse have done first?
Contact the physician, nurses cannot discontinue traction.
Bronchiolitis is mainly caused by what?
RSV (respiratory Syncytial Virus)
What are some examples of nursing interventions in Respiratory Distress Syndrome in infants?
What is the diagnostic criteria for Viral Meningitis?
Clear color, slightly elevated WBC count, normal to slightly elevated protein content, normal glucose, negative Gram stain