Modes
Which mode starts on re?
Dorian
What is counterpoint?
A method of composition with two or more melodic lines simultaneously playing.
Describe a perfect authentic cadence.
V to I
So-Do bass
Soprano ends on Do
What is augmentation and diminution?
Augmentation: a melody, motif, or theme is presented in longer note values than were previously used.
Diminution: a melody, motif, or theme is presented in shorter note values than were previously used.
What is the order of sharps and flats?
F#, C#, G#, D#, A#, E#, B#
Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, Gb, Cb, Fb
Name a mode with a lowered third scale degree (mi becomes me)
Dorian, Phrygian, or Aeolian,
What is an alberti bass?
An arpeggiated accompaniment in the bass.
What is the plagal/amen cadence?
IV to I
What is conjunct and disjunct movement?
conjunct: moving mostly by step
disjunct: moving mostly by skip or leap
Which key has no sharps or flats? Which key has every sharp? Which key has every flat?
No sharps/flats: C major/A minor
All sharps: C# major/A# minor
All flats: Cb major/Ab minor
Which mode starts on the dominant?
What is monophonic, homophonic and heterophonic texture?
Monophonic: One melodic line with no harmony.
Homophonic: A clear melody supported by a harmony or accompaniment
Heterophonic: A main theme decorated with multiple melodies deriving from the main melody.
What is a Cadential 64 chord used to expand?
The dominant
What is retrograde and inversion?
retrograde: playing a melody backwards
inversion: inverting/flipping a melody
What is the subtonic?
One whole step below the tonic
Which mode is major and which is natural minor?
Ionian and Aeolian
What is Polyphony?
2 or more independent melodic lines playing at the same time.
What is a conclusive and inconclusive cadence?
Conclusive: ends on the tonic
Inconclusive: half cadence (not used to end a movement)
What is a melodic sequence?
A melodic idea that is immediately repeated at a different pitch level.
What is the quality of a 7 chord built on the leading tone in a major key? What about in a minor key?
major key: half diminished
minor key: fully diminished
Which mode starts on the leading tone?
Locrian
In what meter signature can there be a hemiola?
3/4 or 6/8
What is a phrygian half cadence?
iv6 to V
only in minor keys
What is fragmentation?
The division of a musical idea into segments
What is an anticipation, suspension, and retardation?
anticipation: a note from the next chord played early
suspension: a note from the previous chord held out that will resolve down by step
retardation: a note from the previous chord held out that will resolve up by step