Augmented Intervals
For augmented intervals, do you lower or raise the pitch up by a half step?
Raise
To make a Perfect or Minor interval diminished, you must shrink it by this many half-steps.
One half-step
This is the specific number of half-steps in a Major 2nd (like C to D).
Two
This interval is only one key away from the starting note.
Minor 2nd, 1 Half-step
This interval occurs when two notes of the same pitch are played together. It is considered the most consonant interval possible.
Perfect unison
To make a Perfect 5th (C to G) into an Augmented 5th, you must do this to the G.
Raise it (or add a sharp)
A diminished seventh chord is often called a "stack of" these small intervals, which are 3 semitones each.
Minor Thirds
If you lower a Major interval by one half-step, it becomes this type of interval.
Minor
In the context of interval inversion, a Major 3rd (4 semitones) flips to become a Minor 6th, which consists of this many semitones.
Eight
Spanning seven semitones, this interval is the "power chord" in rock music and serves as the foundation for most Western harmony.
Perfect 5th
If you have a Major 2nd (C to D), adding a sharp to the D creates this specific interval.
Augmented 2nd
If a Perfect 5th is C to G, this is the note name for a diminished 5th starting on C.
G-flat
This "happy" sounding interval (C to E) consists of 4 half-steps and is the foundation of a Major triad.
Major 3rd
On a piano, if you play C and then move up to E-Flat, you have just played this specific minor interval.
Minor 3rd, 3 Half-steps
This is the specific number of half-steps (semitones) found in a Perfect Fourth.
Five Half-steps
An Augmented interval is always exactly one half-step wider than a Major or this other "P" type of interval.
Perfect
A "Tritone" can be an Augmented 4th, but it is also the name for this specific diminished interval.
Diminished 5th
In the C Major scale, the distance from C to A is this specific Major interval.
6th
This interval is found between the 5th and 3rd degrees of a Natural Minor scale (descending). It is also the distance from the leading tone down to the tonic in a different key.
Minor 6th
In the context of a C Major scale, these are the two scale degrees (numbers) that represent the Perfect Fourth and Perfect Fifth.
F and G
If you augment a Major Second (C to D), you get a C to D#, which is enharmonically the same as this interval.
Minor Third
While a Major 7th is a "big" seventh, a diminished 7th (like B to Ab) actually sounds the same as this Major interval.
Major 6th
What are the only Major Intervals?
2nd, 3rd, 6th, and 7th
This interval consists of ten semitones. In a Dominant 7th chord, it is the distance between the root and the 7th.
Minor 7th
What are the only Perfect Intervals?
Unison, 4th, 5th, and Octave