Non-chord Tones I
An accented non-chord tone that is approached by leap and resolved by step.
Appoggiatura
Subtonic in B minor
A
Bb major
2 flats-Bb and Eb
vii-I
Imperfect Authentic Cadence
The group of non-chord tones that includes escape tones and anticipations
Unaccented
This tone is approached by moving either up or down by step and resolves by step in the opposite direction.
Neighbor Tone
Mediant in C minor
Eb
C minor
3 flats (Bb, Eb, Ab)
Anything to V
Half Cadence
Non-chord tone that is approached and resolved by the same pitch, usually in the bass.
Pedal Tone
A non-chord tone that is approached and resolved by step in the same direction.
Passing Tone
Subdominant in Ab
Db
F# minor
3 sharps (F#, C#, & G#)
V-VI
Deceptive Cadence
Also called "neighbor group" or "cambiata"
Changing tones
A unaccented non-chord tone that is approached by step and resolved by leap in the opposite direction.
Escape Tone
Primary triads
I, IV, & V (Tonic, Subdominant, Dominant)
E minor
1 sharp (F#)
IV-I
Plagal Cadence
Similar to a suspension but resolves upward
Retardation
A non-chord tone that is approached by the same pitch and resolved by a downward step.
Suspension
Leading tone in G# harmonic minor
Fx
F major
1 flat (Bb)
V-I, in root position and resolving to tonic in the highest voice.
Perfect Authentic Cadence
Only two non-chord tones that can be accented or unaccented.
Passing tones and neighbor tones.