Structures & Functions
Name the 7 components of the musculoskeletal system?
1. Bones: 206
2. Cartilage
3. Joints
4. Bursae
5. Ligaments
6. Tendon
7. Muscles
What is Ligament
bone to bone
aid in bone strength
What are joints
connect bone
aid mobility
Focused questions
1. Pain
2. Swelling
3. Warmth
4. limitations
5. Stiffness
Abduction vs adduction
ab: away
ad: towards
What is Cartilage
Connective tissue
bones glide over each other
cover opposing surfaces
Bone function
structure
protection
support
store calcium
hematopoiesis formed(blood)
What are the types and function
1. Fibrous: not movable (Nonsynovial)
2. Cartilaginous: slightly movable (Nonsynovial)
3. Synovial: free movable
Inspection
2. Swelling
3. color
4. Deformity
5. Masses
6. Crepitus
Flexion vs Extension
Flex: reduce angle
extension: increase angle
What is Bursae
Fluid filled sacs
What are the structures
Epiphysis: muscle attachment
Diaphysis: shaft
Metaphysis: between epi and dia
Epiphyseal plate: growth plate
periosteum: thin membrane
What types of Synovial joints are there.
Hinge joint: flexion and extension
Ball and socket
condyloid: flexion, extension and hyperextension
Palpation
1. temp
2. swelling
3. masses
4. abnormal synvoial membrane
Inversion vs eversion
Eversion toward big toe
Inversion toward pinky
What is tendons
Muscle to bone
What are short bone
carpal in wrist
tarsals in ankle
Assessing skeletal muscles
1. head/neck
2. tempormandibular joint
3. spine
4. Upper extremities
5. lower extremities
Circumduction
Around full joint
what are 3 types of muscles?
1. Skeletal (muscle to bone)
2. Smooth (line organs)
3. Cardiac (In heart)
What are long bones
humerus
femur
tibial
ulna
Dorsal Flexion vs Plantar Flexion
Dorsal: toes pointing upward on foot
Platar Toes pointing down (dropfoot)
Pronation vs Supination
Pronation: 90 degree (hand facing down)
Supindate -90 degree (hand facing up