Political Revolutions
This 1688 event resulted in limits on the British Monarch and the establishment of the English Bill of Rights.
Glorious Revolution
This nation is considered the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution due to its unique combination of resources and geography.
Great Britain (or Britain)
This term describes the rapid growth of cities and the migration of people from rural areas to urban centers.
Urbanization
This 1884-1885 meeting of European leaders set the rules for the "Partition of Africa."
Berlin Conference (or Berlin West Africa Conference)
The French military leader who rose to power after the Revolution and established a namesake "Code" of laws.
Napoleon (Bonaparte)
These are the "unalienable" entitlements that Enlightenment thinkers like John Locke argued all people possess from birth.
Natural Rights
This specific industry was the first to be significantly transformed by the process of mechanization.
Textile Industry (Mechanization)
These organizations were formed by workers to advocate for better pay, shorter hours, and safer working conditions.
Labor Unions
This major uprising in India was sparked by grievances against the British East India Company's rule.
Great Rebellion
Known as "The Liberator," he was instrumental in the independence movements of several South American nations.
Simón Bolívar
This French document, inspired by Enlightenment ideals, defined the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
This invention revolutionized the workplace by providing a portable and consistent power source for machinery.
Steam Engine
This economic system is based on private ownership and "laissez-faire" principles, often criticized for creating inequality.
Capitalism
This conflict between Russia and an emerging Asian power resulted in a surprising victory for the latter.
Russo-Japanese War
The former slave who led the most successful slave revolt in history, resulting in the independence of Haiti.
Toussaint L'Ouverture
This radical period of the French Revolution was characterized by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution."
Reign of Terror
This agricultural movement involved consolidating small landholdings into larger farms, which impacted rural populations.
Enclosure Movement
This ideology emerged as a critique of capitalism, advocating for collective or government control of the means of production
Socialism
Industrialized nations often applied their vast wealth to building these, allowing them to project power across oceans.
Navies
This Catholic priest is famous for the "Grito de Dolores," which kicked off the Mexican War of Independence.
Miguel Hidalgo
This representative body was formed by the Third Estate at the beginning of the French Revolution to create a new constitution.
National Assembly
This production system relies on interchangeable parts and the division of labor to create goods at a massive scale.
Mass Production (or the Factory System)
During the Industrial Revolution, these two specific demographic groups were often hired for low wages in factories and mines.
Women and Children
Unlike direct colonization in Africa, this specific "type" of imperialism was more commonly used by foreign powers in Latin America.
Economic Imperialism (or Indirect Rule)
An Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence.
José de San Martín