Show:
Airway/Tracheostomy
Respiratory Failure
Diagnostics
Mechanical Ventilation
ARDS
100
Simplest type of artificial airway, prevents obstruction of the trachea by displacement of the tongue into the oropharynx
What is an oral airway?
100

Hallmark symptom of Respiratory Failure

What is dyspnea? 

100
• Measures lung volumes and airflow.
What is Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
100

This term refers to the volume of air pushed into the lungs with each breath

What is tidal volume

100

Name two complications from ARDS?

What is barotrauma, renal failure, stress ulcers, & ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

200

Trach tube with openings on outer cannula-allows air from the lungs to flow over the vocal cords for patient to speak/cough up secretions. Only for patients who can swallow without risk of aspiration.

What is a fenestrated trach tube?

200
commonly defined as a PaO2 less than or equal to 60 mm Hg when the patient is receiving an inspired O2
What is Hypoxemic respiratory failure
200
• Large bore needle through the chest wall into the pleural space to obtain specimens for diagnostic evaluation, remove pleural fluid, or instill medication into the pleural space.
What is Thoracentesis?
200

This setting provides positive pressure at the end of expiration to prevent alveolar collapse. 

What is PEEP?  

200

Name the most common cause of ARDS

What is SEPSIS? 

300

Necrosis of the posterior tracheal wall forming opening that allows air to escape into the stomach. The fistula allows air to escape into the stomach, causing distention.

What is a trachea-esophageal fistula?

300

A sudden, progressive form of acute respiratory failure in which the alveolar capillary membrane becomes damaged and more permeable to intravascular fluid, causing the alveoli to fill with fluid.

What is Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

300

•Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide (CO2) gas

What is end tidal CO2 monitoring or Capnography?

300

High-pressure alarms can be remembered with this pneumonic. Name two causes. 

What is DOPES? Secretions, coughing, biting the tube, bronchospasm/wheezing, kinked tubing, pneumothorax, decreased lung compliance (ARDS) D: Displaced O: Obstruction P:Pneumothorax E: Equipment problem S: Stiff lungs (ARDS)

300

Name the type of ventilation used in ARDS

Lung protective, low tidal volumes, high PEEP

400
Life-threatening complication of hemorrhage resulting from erosion into the innominate artery.
What is anterior tracheal wall necrosis?
400

The primary problem is insufficient CO2 removal. It is commonly defined as a PaCO2 greater than 45 mm Hg in combination with acidemia (arterial pH less than 7.35).

What is hypercapnic respiratory failure, or ventilatory

400

This gold standard blood test reveals acute respiratory failure types

What is ABGs?

400

Low pressure alarms are associated with these two issues. 

What is loss of connection and leaks? Two LL's. 

400

Positioning strategy to improve oxygenation 

What is prone

500
Softening of the trachea resulting from secretions pooling above the cuff and thinning the cartilage.
What is Tracheomalacia?
500

Differentiate: Patient post-op with dyspnea, SpO2 88% on RA, tachypnea 32, restless/anxious, able to speak full sentences, crackles. PaO2 55, PaCO2 35, pH 7.48. Type? Priority intervention?

What is hypoxemic ARF? Priority: Treat cause (e.g., pulmonary edema/PE), position (tripod), escalate to NIPPV/vent support 

500

This test is utilized to confirm ET tube placement. 

What is CXR? 

500

This commonly used mode delivers a set tidal volume for every breath, whether triggered by the patient or the machine, making it ideal for patients with weak respiratory muscles.

What is Assist/Control (AC) Mode? 

500

CXR will show this 

What is diffuse haziness, white out, or ground glass appearance?