Function
State a function of fat
Provides warmth, protects vital organs, concentrated source of energy, provides the fat soluble vitamins (ADEK), provides essential fatty acids
Give two sources of LBV protein and two sources of HBV protein
HBV- Steak, bacon, sausages, chicken, fish, cheese, milk
LBV- cereal, chickpeas, lentils, nuts, seeds, flour, beans
State what can happen if you eat too many carbohydrates
Extra energy not burned off will be stored as fat and could lead to weight gain
State what can happen if you do not eat enough carbohydrates
Feeling tired, less energy, find it difficult to complete daily tasks
Identify the two dietary diseases the ACE vitamins help to reduce the risk of.
Cancer & heart disease
Identify the function of carbohydrates
Required for energy for everyday tasks
State two starchy (complex) carbohydrates and two sugary (simple) carbohydrates
Starchy- Bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, noodles, flour
Sugary- Fruit, milk, fizzy juice, sweets, chocolate, cakes, honey, jam, biscuits
State what can happen to teenagers if they consume too much protein
Nothing- as they are going through a rapid growth spurt.
Slight risk of weight gain if excess energy isnt burned off.
State what can happen to children if they do not eat enough protein
Stunted/slow growth. Cuts and wounds could take longer to repair.
Explain the inter-relationship between vitamin B complex and carbohydrates
The vitamin B complex group helps to release energy from foods especially carbohydrates so you do not feel exhausted
State two functions of protein
Growth, repair and maintenance of body cells, muscles and tissues.
Secondary source of energy
Identify 3 types of oily fish
Salmon, mackerel, trout, sardines, anchovies
Explain one risk to consuming too many sugary carbohydrates
Increased risk of dental caries, weight gain and over time obesity, type 2 diabetes
Explain what can happen to teenage girls and pregnant woman if they do not consume enough iron
Increased risk of anaemia
Explain the inter-relationship between iron & vitamin C
Vitamin C helps to absorb iron preventing anaemia.
State two functions of Vitamin A
Required to make visual purple preventing night blindness.
Required for normal growth in children
One of the ACE vitamins helping to reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease
Identify 3 sources of calcium
Milk, cheese, yoghurt, ice-cream, tinned fish, green leafy vegetables
Explain two risks to health of a diet too high in saturated fat
Leads to weight gain increasing the risk of obesity, high blood pressure due to cholesterol build up, heart disease/ heart attacks. (CHD)
Explain what can happen if you do not consume enough calcium, phosphorus & vitamin D
Increased risk of osteoporosis in later life.
Broken bones will take longer to repair
Teeth/bones could be weaker and could increase the risk of dental caries
Explain the inter- relationship between water and fibre (NSP)
Combines with fibre to make faeces soft and bulky so it can be excreted from the body easily.
Helps reduce the risk of constipation/ bowel cancer
State two functions of water and explain why it helps reduce the risk of constipation
Prevents dehydration, needed to lubricate joints, helps remove waste from the body (Urine & Faeces) required for bodily fluids (blood, sweat, saliva)
Binds with NSP to make faeces soft and bulky helping it to be excreted easily.
State 3 sources of the ACE vitamins
Carrots, Tomatoes, Lemon, Limes, Oranges, Blackcurrants, Green Leafy Vegetables, Liver, Milk, Cheese
Explain what could happen to an elderly person if they consumed too much sodium.
Increased risk of high blood pressure, increasing the risk of a stroke. Increased risk of heart disease.
Explain what could happen to a fetus if a pregnant mother does not consume enough folic acid
The baby has an increased risk of developing neural tube defects such as spina bifida
Explain the inter-relationship between calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D
All three work together for the formation, development and maintenance of strong teeth and bones.
Vitamin D absorbs calcium and calcium and phosphorus combine to produce calcium phosphate giving teeth and bones their hardness