Nail Diseases pt. 1
Medical term for fungal infections of the feet, also known as athlete’s foot;
What is Tinea Pedis?
Noticeably thin white nail plate is more flexible than usual; usually caused by diet, heredity, internal disease, medication, or overfilling with an abrasive; use caution when manicuring these fragile nails and minimize or avoid filing
What is Eggshell Nails?
Ingrown nail, wherein the nail grows into the sides of the tissue around the nail; medical referral required
What is Onychocryptosis?
Dark purplish spots, usually due to a small nail bed injury; can usually be covered with nail polish or camouflaged with an opaque nail enhancement product
What is a bruised nail bed?
Damage to the capillaries under the nail, giving the appearance of a lengthwise small splinter underneath the nail plate; caused by physical trauma or nail be injury
What is a Splinter Haemorrhage?
refers to any natural nail deformity or disease.
What is Onycosis?
Depressions running across the nail plate’s width due to a slowing production of matrix cells, which causes the nail plate to grow thinner, usually the result of serious illness or injury
What are Beau's Lines?
Prevents the spread of Infection and Diseases, and allows the Cosmetologist to refer the client to a medical professional, if needed
What is a Consultation?
Nails turn a variety of colors; may indicate surface staining, a systemic disorder, or poor blood circulation
What is a Discolored nail?
Lengthwise grooves in the plate, often mistaken for ridges; usually the result of aging
What are Ridges?
Bacterial inflammation of the tissues around the nail plate, causing pus, swelling, and redness; often seen in dry or chapped hands from excessive water and detergent exposure; medical referral required
What is Paronychia?
Also known as trumpet nail; a form of dramatically increased nail curvature of the free edge, whereby the nail can curl in upon itself or may be deformed only on one sidewall; medical referral required in extreme or unusual cases or with painful conditions; using a brace-type product to straighten these nails is a medical practice and cannot be performed in a salon
What is Pincer Nail?
Also known as subungual melanoma, a rare and serious type of skin cancer that begins in the nail matrix. It is more prevalent in the thumbs and big toes and usually affects one nail at a time.
What is Nail melanoma?
Whiteish discolored spots on the nails, usually caused by minor injury to the nail matrix; often appear in the nails but do not indicate disease and disappear as the nail grows
What is Leukonychia?
Nail surface pitting, roughness, onycholysis, and bed discolorations randomly or evenly spaced; nail plate may appear as if it has been filed with a course abrasive, the free edge may be ragged, or both
What is Nail psoriasis?
Separation of the nail plate and bed, often due to injury or allergic reactions; when the cause is removed, the area slowly begins healing; medical referral required
What is Onycholysis?
Significant nail darkening caused by increased pigment cells (melanocytes); visible as a black band extending from the base to the free edge, or as a dark color over the entire nail plate
What is Melanonycholia?
Matrix inflammation and nail shedding caused by infection or injury; possibly medical referral required
What is Onychia?
Irregular split or brittle nails appearing as nail plate surface roughness; potentially caused by heredity, matrix injury, excessive exposure to cuticle removers, harsh cleaning agents, or aggressive filing techniques
What is Onychorrhexis?
Severe nail inflammation, in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate; medical referral required
What is Pyogenic granuloma?
Separation and falling off a nail plate from the nail bed; caused by infection, matrix injury, systemic illness, or medical procedure such as chemotherapy; medical referral required
What is Onychomadesis?
Irregular stretching of the eponychium or hyponychium around the nail plate; usually from serious injury or an allergic skin reaction; creams or conditioning oils may be helpful, but never attempt to treat or push back nail pterygium with any instrument
What is Nail pterygium?
Nail plate fungal infection, consisting of whitish patches that can be scraped off the nails’ surface or long whitish or pale yellowish streaks within the nail plate
What is Onychomycosis?
Bitten nails; frequent manicures and proper hand care can help overcome this habit
What is Onychophagy?
Rapidly growing and contagious bacteria that can cause infection; seen in the early stages as a yellow-green spot that becomes darker in its advanced stage, changing from yellow to green to brown to black; medical referral required
What is Pseudomanas aeruginosa?