1
The natural nail is technically called the _________.
Onyx
The part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger.
A. Eponychium
B. Free edge
C. Free edge
B. Free edge
The natural nail unit includes _________.
A) all parts of the finger from the tip to the second knuckle
B) all parts of the finger from the tip to the first knuckle
C) the nail plate and the nail bed but excludes the cuticle
D) only the tip of the finger
B) all parts of the finger from the tip to the first knuckle
The natural nail unit includes all parts of the finger from the tip to the wrist.
True or False
False
How long does it typically take to completely replace a toenail plate?
A) 2 to 3 months C) 4 to 6 months
B) 4 to 6 weeks D) 9 to 12 months
D) 9 to 12 months
Which of the five fingers grow the fastest?
Middle finger
The natural nail unit is mainly made up of _________, which is the fiber-shaped protein found in skin and hair.
keratin
What does a longer matrix lead to?
A) a thinner nail plate C) faster nail growth
B) nail grooves D) a thicker nail plate
D) a thicker nail plate
What can cause the nail plate’s shape or thickness to change?
A) damage or infection of the matrix
C) the time of year
B) overexposure to sunlight
D) a weakening lunula
A) damage or infection of the matrix
Which of the five fingers grow the slowest?
Thumb finger
The nail bed, nail fold, eponychium, paronychium, and hyponychium are collectively referred to as the _________.
A) cuticle C) perionychium
B) bed epithelium D) lunula
C) perionychium
Which of the following statements is true of nail growth rates?
A) Nail growth rates generally decrease with age.
B) Nail plates grow quicker in the winter than in the summer.
C) Toenail plates grow quicker than fingernail plates.
D) Nail growth rates decrease significantly during the last trimester of pregnancy.
A) Nail growth rates generally decrease with age.
Identify a characteristic of a healthy nail.
A) It is soft but inflexible.
B) It has 50 to 75 percent water content.
C) Its surface is generally spotted and has deep grooves.
D) It is translucent, and the beige or pinkish color of the nail bed shows through.
D) It is translucent, and the beige or pinkish color of the nail bed shows through.
Identify a function of the hyponychium.
A) It forms a protective barrier that keeps microorganisms from infecting the nail bed.
B) It helps guide the nail plate along the nail bed as it grows.
C) It forms an important seal between the proximal nail fold and nail plate.
D) It attaches the nail bed and matrix to the underlying bone.
A) It forms a protective barrier that keeps microorganisms from infecting the nail bed.
Which of the following is NOT part of the perionychium?
A) the eponychium C) the hyponychium
B) the distal phalanx D) the paronychium
B) the distal phalanx
1. Cosmetologists should have a thorough understanding of nail structure and growth because _________.
A) they are physicians specialized in a medical branch of science that involves the study of
nails and their structure
B) they must be able to differentiate between the nail cuticle and the eponychium before
performing nail services
C) they are responsible for informing clients about the parts of the nails that will be
affected as a result of the nail services offered by them
D) it will help them diagnose, prescribe medications for, and provide treatment for nail
diseases
B) they must be able to differentiate between the nail cuticle and the eponychium before
A tough band of fibrous tissue that links bones or keeps an organ in place is called _________.
A) the stratum corneum C) collagen
B) a ligament D) the dermis
B) a ligament
. Which of the following statements best describes the lunula?
A) It is the thin tissue layer between the nail plate and the nail bed.
B) It is the nonliving colorless tissue attached to the nail plate.
C) It is the section of living skin that supports the nail plate as it extends toward the free edge.
D) It is the whitish, half-moon shape under the nail plate’s base
D) It is the whitish, half-moon shape under the nail plate’s base
Ordinarily, complete nail plate replacement for a fingernail takes about _________.
A) two to six weeks C) a year
B) four to six months D) eight months
B) four to six months
The _________ is the section of living skin that supports the nail plate as it extends toward the free edge.
A) cuticle C) nail matrix
B) eponychium D) nail bed
D) nail bed
Which of the following statements is true of the growth of the nail plate?
Which of the following statements is true of the growth of the nail plate?
A) The nail plate’s growth is affected by nutrition, exercise, and overall health.
B) The nail plate’s width, thickness, and curvature are independent of the matrix’s width, length, and curvature.
C) A healthy nail plate begins from the lunula and ends slightly before the tip of the finger.
D) The nail plate grows only in an almond shape.
B) The nail plate’s width, thickness, and curvature are independent of the matrix’s width, length, and curvature.
C) A healthy nail plate begins from the lunula and ends slightly before the tip of the finger.
D) The nail plate grows only in an almond shape.
A) The nail plate’s growth is affected by nutrition, exercise, and overall health.
Identify a reason why cosmetologists should be knowledgeable about nail structure and growth.
A) Understanding nail structure helps cosmetologists diagnose and treat irregular nail conditions.
B) Cosmetologists are responsible for imparting the biological aspects of nail structure to staff members.
C) Understanding natural nail structure and growth cycles prepares cosmetologists for advanced nail services.
D) Cosmetology is the branch of medicine dealing with the natural nail unit and its major parts.
C) Understanding natural nail structure and growth cycles prepares cosmetologists for advanced nail services.
The _________ is the whole skin flap that covers the matrix, from the visible nail plate’s edge to the first joint of the finger or toe.
A) proximal nail fold C) perionychium
B) bed epithelium D) lateral nail fold
A) proximal nail fold
The _________ is part of the natural nail that contains nerves, blood vessels, and lymph to nourish cells that differentiate and become keratinized to form the nail plate.
A) cuticle C) hyponychium
B) matrix D) eponychium
B) matrix
Which of the following statements is true of the nail plate?
A) It is the hardened keratin plate that rests on top of the nail bed.
B) It is the least visible and functional part of the nail unit.
C) It is formed by melanocytes.
D) It is water-resistant.
A) It is the hardened keratin plate that rests on top of the nail bed.