Definitions
Language such as "we" or "us", used to make the audience feel included or a part of something greater
Inclusive language
Ethical appeal; means to convince an audience of the author's credibility or character
Ethos
Twenty-one years ago last September, on a lonely stretch of railroad track paralleling U.S. Highway 101 near Salinas, 32 Bracero farm workers lost their lives in a tragic accident. The Braceros had been imported from Mexico to work on California farms. They died when their bus, which was converted from a flatbed truck, drove in front of a freight train...
This short account is an example of what rhetorical device?
Anecdote
"I am the son of a black man from Kenya and a white woman from Kansas. I was raised with the help of a white grandfather who survived a Depression to serve in Patton's Army during World War II and a white grandmother who worked on a bomber assembly line at Fort Leavenworth while he was overseas. I've gone to some of the best schools in America and lived in one of the world's poorest nations. I am married to a black American who carries within her the blood of slaves and slave-owners - an inheritance we pass on to our two precious daughters."
Name the appeal.
Ethos
Factual information that helps the reader reach a conclusion; it's proof that the author or speaker provides to support his or her reasoning or thesis
Evidence
Words and phrases meant to evoke an emotional response to a subject
Emotive language
Chavez could have said "the workers are humans" but instead he said, "Farm workers are not agricultural implements. They are not beasts of burden--to be used and discarded."
This intentional selection of words is an example of what rhetorical device?
diction/word choice
"A lack of economic opportunity among black men, and the shame and frustration that came from not being able to provide for one's family, contributed to the erosion of black families - a problem that welfare policies for many years may have worsened. And the lack of basic services in so many urban black neighborhoods - parks for kids to play in, police walking the beat, regular garbage pick-up and building code enforcement - all helped create a cycle of violence, blight and neglect that continue to haunt us."
Name the device or appeal
pathos or emotive language
Use of a valid argument developed step by step with justification; used to support each main point
Reasoning
When the author shares his or her personal experiences relevant to the topic of the speech or text
Confessional
"As much as 30 percent of Northern California's garlic harvesters are under-aged children. Kids as young as six years old have voted in state-conducted union elections since they qualified as workers. Some 800,000 under-aged children work with their families harvesting crops across America. Babies born to migrant workers suffer 25 percent higher infant mortality than the rest of the population."
By providing evidence and statistics, Chavez is making what kind of appeal?
Logical/logos
"And in that single note - hope! - I heard something else; at the foot of that cross, inside the thousands of churches across the city, I imagined the stories of ordinary black people merging with the stories of David and Goliath, Moses and Pharaoh, the Christians in the lion's den, Ezekiel's field of dry bones."
Name that device
Allusion
A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance
Allusion
A literary device where two or more words in a phrase or line share the same beginning consonant sound
Alliteration
"Those who attack our union often say, 'It's not really a union. It's something else: A social movement. A civil rights movement. It's something dangerous.' They're half right. The United Farm Workers is first and foremost a union. A union like any other. A union that either produces for its members on the bread and butter issues or doesn't survive. But the UFW has always been something more than a union --although it's never been dangerous if you believe in the Bill of Rights. The UFW was the beginning! We attacked that historical source of shame and infamy that our people in this country lived with. We attacked that injustice, not by complaining; not by seeking hand-outs; not by becoming soldiers in the War on Poverty. We organized!"
In paragraph 8, Chavez mentions the UFW's opponents and then highlights the union's past success. This is an example of what device(s)?
attacks/praise
"And yet words on a parchment would not be enough to deliver slaves from bondage, or provide men and women of every color and creed their full rights and obligations as citizens of the United States. What would be needed were Americans in successive generations who were willing to do their part - through protests and struggle, on the streets and in the courts, through a civil war and civil disobedience and always at great risk - to narrow that gap between the promise of our ideals and the reality of their time."
Name the device and appeal.
logic/reasoning and logos
A short account of a particular incident or event, especially of an interesting or amusing nature
Anecdote
A comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it. It aims at explaining that idea or thing by comparing it to something that is familiar.
Analogy
In paragraph 11, Chavez says, "I've traveled to every part of this nation. I have met and spoken with thousands of Hispanics from every walk of life--from every social and economic class. One thing I hear most often from Hispanics, regardless of age or position--and from many non-Hispanics as well--is that the farm workers gave them hope that they could succeed and the inspiration to work for change."
Name the device AND the appeal.
confessional and ethos
"For we have a choice in this country. We can accept a politics that breeds division, and conflict, and cynicism. We can tackle race only as spectacle - as we did in the OJ trial - or in the wake of tragedy, as we did in the aftermath of Katrina - or as fodder for the nightly news. We can play Reverend Wright's sermons on every channel, every day and talk about them from now until the election, and make the only question in this campaign whether or not the American people think that I somehow believe or sympathize with his most offensive words. We can pounce on some gaffe by a Hillary supporter as evidence that she's playing the race card, or we can speculate on whether white men will all flock to John McCain in the general election regardless of his policies.(1738)"
Name the three devices that Obama uses in this part of his speech.
Parallelism, inclusive language and repetition