DM and Kidneys
Average blood sugar over the past 2 - 3 months
What is Average Glucose (A1C)
Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that causes the thyroid to produce T3 and T4
What is Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Attack the nucleus of the patient's normal healthy cells instead of foreign viruses and bacteria
What is Antinuclear Antibody (ANA)
Blood clots are formed by platelets; low levels indicate thrombocytopenia; high
levels indicate thrombocytosis
What is a Platelet Count (PLT
A doctor removes a core of this with a needle and examines it under a microscope to look for leukemia cells
What is a Bone marrow biopsy
Measures blood sugar remaining after a period of not eating
What is Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
Presence of these antibodies may indicate Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is an autoimmune condition
What is Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (Anti-TPO)
Antibodies that attack healthy cells and tissues test can show positive or negative
What is Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
Enzyme found in the liver; liver disease causes ALT levels to increase
What is Alanine Transaminase (ALT)
A blood test that uses a laser beam to identify specific cell types in a blood sample. This test can help determine the type of leukemia and differentiate between healthy and cancerous cells.
What is a Flow cytometry test
Measures the body's response to sugar
What is Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)
Hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands; elevated in patients with hyperparathyroidism; decreased in patients with hypoparathyroidism
What is Hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands; elevated in patients with hyperparathyroidism; decreased in patients with hypoparathyroidism
This is a released by the heart in response to increased workload; it will be elevated in patients with heart failure
What is Brain Natiuretic Peptide (BNP)
Enzyme found in the liver; liver disease causes AST levels to increase
What is Aspartate Transaminase (AST)
Measures the number and quality of red and white blood cells, as well as platelets. Abnormal levels of these cells can indicate leukemia.
What is Complete blood count (CBC)
Produced by muscles and filtered by the kidneys; it will be elevated in patients with CKD
What is Creatinine (Cre)
Hormone secreted by the thyroid; elevated in patients with hyperthyroidism; decreased in patients with hypothyroidism
What is Triiodothyronine (T3/Free T3) or Thyroxine (T4/Free T4)
This is a protein found in heart muscle; it is released into the bloodstream during a myocardial infarction
What is Troponin (Trop)
A byproduct of the natural breakdown of red blood cells; if the liver is damaged it cannot excrete this, causing the level to rise
What is Bilirubin
A test that helps identify genetic abnormalities that may not be visible under a microscope. It can help ensure that the correct treatment is given and can be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
What is Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) / Genetic/Chromosome testing
Measures how well the glomeruli ("filters" in the kidneys) are working; it will be low in patients with CKD
What is Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
The parathyroid glands control this level in the blood
What is Calcium (Ca)
A protein made by the liver; it indicates inflammatory activity if elevated
What is C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
This test measures the total amount of this in your blood, which includes albumin and globulins. These are mainly made in your liver.
What is Total Protein
A test that involves removing a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from around the spinal cord. This test can help check for the spread of leukemia to the brain and spinal cord.
What is a Lumbar puncture (spinal tap)