Extinction, Planned Ignoring, or Both?
This occurs when previously reinforced behaviors are no longer being reinforced and the behaviors begin to fade or decrease.
What is extinction?
As an RBT, you'll be asked to take notes on your client's target behaviors. Your BCBA will want to know the behavior, what happened immediately before it and what happened immediately after. What is this called?
What is ABC Data (antecedent, behavior, consequence)?
Samantha taps her fingers on the table during independent work in the classroom which is a distraction to others. The therapist gives her a stress/squishy ball to squeeze instead then praises her for utilizing the ball.
What is differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior?
Paired stimuli, multiple stimuli with replacement, and multiple stimuli without replacement are three types of what?
What are preference assessments?
Tony (3 year old) turns the light switch on and off in his room A LOT (about a 100 times) throughout the day. His mother thinks he does it just to drive her crazy. Using a functional analysis, his mother discovers the function of the behavior is automatic/sensory (he looks toward the light and says light every time he flips the light switch). His mother removes the light bulb from the light fixture but continues to allow Tony to flip the switch. After about two days, his mother noticed a decrease in the behavior (turning the light on and off). This is an example of what type of procedure?
What is an extinction procedure?
Joseph REALLY dislikes math but he REALLY likes outer space. His dad tells him, "first complete 50 math problems, then you can watch a video about Mars". This is an example of the premack principle (first, then). What type of manipulation is this?
What is an antecedent manipulation?
Lisa doesn't like to do math work and elopes from her desk anytime a math worksheet is given to her. When she elopes, she is redirected back to her seat and prompted to do the work. However, if she mands appropriately for a break, she is awarded a 5 minute break where she can walk around the classroom.
What is differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)?
Therapist arrives to work with client for the day and she is eating lunch. Therapist asks client, "What are you having for lunch?" Client replies, "A sandwich and an apple." What type of verbal operant is this?
What is an intraverbal?
You just moved into a new home and are having a house warming party. Amongst your guests is Karen, someone who always has something negative to say about EVERYTHING. As soon as she walks in, she immediately starts to criticize your decor, style, and appetizer choices. Every time she says something negative, you do not acknowledge the comment and redirect the conversation. She eventually gives up and begins to talk about other topics. What behavior was placed on extinction?
What is Karen's negative comments?
A forced choice preference assessment will be utilized and Billy will point to or vocalize his choice. At the start of each activity, Billy will choose an activity or item he wants to earn following the completion of the activity. The preference assessment is a what?
What is an antecedent manipulation?
Brad tends to get out of his seat and wonder around the classroom during the day. To help extinguish this behavior, for every 3 minutes that Brad remains in his seat, his teacher provides him a token. If he gets out of his seat during the 3 minutes, he does not receive a token and the timer starts over. At the end of the day, Brad can turn in his tokens for a prize.
What is differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)?
Sensory, access, attention, and escape are the four types of what?
What are the functions of behavior?
When Fred wants access to his iPad, he starts to scream loudly. His mom wants to put a stop to this so she has started ignoring him when he screams. The behavior has started to intensify and now Fred is throwing toys at his mom. The increased intensity is known as what?
What is an extinction burst?
Katelyn has to take her daughter Lydia grocery shopping. Lydia HATES grocery shopping and has a history of exhibiting behaviors in the store. Prior to leaving, Katelyn tells her that they are going first Publix, then Target. When they arrive at the store, Katelyn allows her to push they cart, hold the list, and place items in the basket. She also lets her help her at check out and scan items. These are all examples of what? Bonus: Name the 3 antecedent strategies.
What is an antecedent manipulation (first/then, priming, shared control)?
Harper is getting hungry during session and starting to exhibit behaviors. She's refusing to comply with demands and leaves the room. When RBT redirects her to sit down, client yells at her that she wants a snack. RBT ignores comment and prompts her to sit down again. Client asks nicely, "May I please have a snack?" RBT verbally praises her for asking appropriately and gives her a snack and short break.
What is differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA)?
This is the process of building and maintaining a relationship with the client. This allows the therapist to establish instructional control.
What is pairing?
Katelyn goes to the gym Monday-Friday to gain big muscles. While at the gym, she likes to play around and tell her trainer really corny jokes. Her trainer is over the jokes, so he begins to ignore the jokes and he only engages in conversation with Katelyn when she talks about sports, nutrition, or her workouts. Eventually, Katelyn stops telling terrible jokes. The trainer utilized what to address the behavior of joke telling?
What is planned ignoring?
Zoey has difficulty with transitions during the school day and will exhibit target behaviors. Zoey's RBT has made her a visual schedule of her day so that Zoey can anticipate what activities she is doing and when she will be doing them. What is the antecedent manipulation in this scenario?
What is the visual schedule?
Timothy likes to scratch his arms aggressively when he gets overwhelmed in the classroom. RBT provides him with stress balls so when he feels overwhelmed, he can squeeze the stress balls. Therapist provides Timothy with a lot of verbal praise when he utilizes the strerss balls. What is this procedure?
What is differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI)?
This is a highly structured educational setting that includes rapid, repetitive trials during the session.
What is discrete trial training (DTT)?