Anatomy
These are the scroll shaped structure found within the nasal cavity
What are the nasal conchae?
This is the position of MML in relation to the IR for a correctly positioned Waters Method
What is perpendicular
When positioning a Caldwell Method for facial bones, the patient should begin with these two structures touching the IR
What are the nose and forehead
This is the total number of bones in an adult human
What is 14?
The petrous ridges should be visualized here for properly positioned parietoacanthial Waters
Just inferior to the maxillary sinuses
This is the cartilagenous flap anterior to the EAM
What is the tragus?
This is the position of MCP in relation to the IR for a correctly positioned Waters Method
What is parallel
These two lines should be perpendicular to the IR when positioning a Caldwell Method
What are OML and MSP
This is the degree of difference between OML and IOML
What is 7-8 degrees?
Mandibular symphysis should be superimposed over this bone in a properly positioned SMV
What is the frontal bone
These two bones, one cranial and one facial) join together to form the nasal septum
What are the ethmoid and vomer?
This is the correct position of the IP line in relation to the IR for a correctly positioned lateral projection
What is perpendicular
When positioning an SMV, this line should be parallel to the IR
What is IOML
This is the recommended kVp range for lateral nasal bones
What is 60-70 kVp?
These are visualized open and free from superimposition on an AP Axial, Modified Townes Method
What are the zygomatic arches
The zygomatic process is a feature of this bone
OML forms this angle to the plane of the IR for a properly positioned parietoacanthial projection
What is 37 degrees
These two lines should be perpendicular to the IR when positioning an AP Axial, Modified Townes Method
What are OML and MSP
These paired facial bones make up the majority of the hard palate
What are the maxillae?
On a parietoacanthial projection, Waters Method for nasal bones, collimation should be increased to include what anatomy
What is the nasal bones
This bony landmark represents the most superior aspect of the facial bone region
What are the orbital plates?
If positioning a superoinferior tangential projection of the nasal bones, the IR should be perpendicular to this line
What is the Glabelloalveolar Line (GAL)
When positioning a unilateral oblique inferosuperior tangential projection for the zygomatic arch, this is the degree of both rotation and tilt required to visualize the open arch
What is 15 degree rotation (toward the affected side), and 15 degree tilt (chin toward the IR)
This type of fracture is characterized by an impact to one side of the face resulting in a fracture on the opposite side
What is a contrecoup fracture?
The two structures must be visualized on a properly positioned and collimated lateral projection of the nasal bones
What are the frontonasal suture and the anterior nasal spine