1
The center of gravity is the approximate middle of the body, typically located at the midportion of the trunk
midpoint of the body
The area beneath a person that consists of all points of contact between the body and the support surface
the base of support
Relate to how much a person can change their position before loss of balance or falling outside of their base of support.
limits of stability
What type of balance occurs when an individual seeks to maintain postural control in a stationary position
Static
What type of balance occurs when an individual seeks to maintain postural control within a stationary limit of stability but with a moving base of support
Semi-Dynamic
If the client cannot reach their foot during a single-leg squat touchdown, which is the first modification that can be employed?
Reach to their knee, then shin, then foot.
What is the most important reason that a Certified Personal Trainer should make sure an older adult has been cleared by the medical provider to take part in a balance training program?
To ensure safety.
What type of balance occurs when an individual seeks to maintain the center of mass over an ever-changing limit of stability
Dynamic
Which three senses are involved in the balance system?
Visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems
Which sense provides information about changes in pressure on the skin, muscle length, and joint angles?
Somatosensory system
Improving this using balance training would most likely decrease the risk of injury.
Injury Resistance
It is most important to improve balance in this population to decrease their fear of falling.
Older Individuals
Stage 3 balance exercise should include what types of motion?
Hopping motions with a single-leg stance landing
Competitive athletes who performed balance training exercises reduced the risk of which injury by 46%?
Ankle Sprains
Which sense provides information to the central nervous system about where the body is in space?
Visual system
Which sense provides information about movement of the head in space?
Vestibular system
Asking a client to close their eyes during a balance exercise would challenge which system?
Visual System
Receptors involved with this sense are specifically responsible for determining angular accelerations of the head while bending over to pick something up off the ground
Vestibular
What term specifically describes motor function of muscles in the lower extremity?
Neuromuscular Function
What is the proper lower-body progression for balance training when starting with a new client?
Two-leg stable, single-leg stable, two-leg unstable, single-leg unstable
What is an example of an external factor that may influence the risk of falling in older adults?
The enviornment
Maintaining one's balance while on a skateboard that is moving while the feet remain in a fixed position can be described as what type of balance?
Semi-dynamic balance
Double Jeopardy:How could the personal trainer make the “single-leg throw and catch” balance exercise more difficult for the client?
Throwing in different directions or increase velocity and/or distance
What is the term for a postural disturbance being added to a task in order to make the task more difficult?
Perturbation
This term describes an unstable-but-controlled environment used to improve someone's static, semi-dynamic, and dynamic balance.
Proprioceptively Enriched
Maintaining one's balance while running on an uneven surface can best be described as what type of balance?
Dynamic balance
Balance exercises used for introducing balance training should initially involve little joint motion and improve what type of contractions?
Reflexive (automatic) joint-stabilization contractions
The risk of which lower-extremity injury was decreased in female basketball athletes who participated in a 5-week balance training program that improved landing movement mechanics?
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
In order to balance, someone must maintain what point within their base of support?
Asking a client to turn their head side to side during a balance exercise would challenge which system?
Vestibular system
Asking a client to balance on an unstable surface while barefoot would challenge which system?
Somatosensory system
What is shortest time period per day that balance training should be conducted 3 times per week for 4 weeks in order to improve both static and dynamic balance ability in children?
10 minutes
Performing a hop-training program on a firm surface would be an example of which type of balance?
Semi-dynamic balance
During balance training, gluteal muscles should remain in which state to hold the body stable?
Isometrically contracted
Double Jeopardy: The center of gravity moves in which direction when the knees and hips are equally flexed bilaterally?
Inferiorly