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Instruments of Foreign Policy
Actors on the World Stage
Policymakers
Politics of Defense Policy
New Global Agenda
100
Often employed to force or influence actions in other countries. The United States has recently used force in limited ways around the globe, such as toppling Hussein’s regime in Iraq and the Taliban regime in Afghanistan
What is Military
100
Created in 1945, an organization whose members agree to renounce war and to respect certain human and economic freedoms.
What is the United Nations
100
negotiates treaties, acts as commander in chief of the armed forces, deploying American troops abroad, appoints U.S. ambassadors and the heads of executive departments (with Senate approval), and has the sole power to recognize other countries and their representatives
What is POTUS
100
Decreased significantly from earlier decades and now makes up 1/6 of the federal budget. The American public was concerned that spending was hurting social spending.
What is Defense Spending
100
a special tax added to imported goods to raise the price (protects American businesses)
What is a Tariff
200
The importance of this vitality in the modern era now outweighs the influence of military action, as the control of oil can be just as important as the control of guns
What is Economic
200
Created in 1949, an organization whose members include the USA, Canada, most Western European nations, and Turkey, all of whom agreed to combine military forces and to treat a war against one as a war against all. This is an example of a Regional Organization.
What is North Atlantic Treaty Organization
200
Bureaucratic arm of foreign policy which staff embassies and consultants to represent the interests of Americans across the world
What is the State Department
200
Structure of America’s defense based on a large standing military force and a battery of strategic nuclear weapons
What is Personnel
200
mutual dependency, in which the actions of countries affect other countries economic lifelines
What is Interdependency
300
the process by which nations carry on relationships with each other through the negotiations of national leaders
What is Diplomatic
300
An alliance of the major Western European nations that coordinates monetary, trade, and immigration, and labor policies,
What is the European Union
300
Increased inter service cooperation and centralization of military hierarchy (cooperates with State Dept.) It is an example of a National Security Establishment
What is the Department of Defense
300
After an aggressive arms race, the US now moves towards nuclear proliferation and ending costly arms buildups, and treaties have reduced nuclear weapons reserves in most nations.
What is Weapons
300
Embargoes, cutting off economic aid, and restricting imports, which are safer and cheaper than military alternatives are an example of this
What are economic sanctions
400
A foreign policy course whereby the United States has tried to stay out of other nations’ conflicts, particularly European War
What is Isolationism
400
Businesses with vast holdings in many countries, many of which have annual budgets exceeding that of many foreign governments
What is Multinational Corporations
400
An agency created after WWII to coordinate American intelligence activities abroad. It is required to report to Congressional Committees
What is the Central Intelligence Agency
400
The conclusion of this event helped greatly reduce Defense Spending
What is the cold war
400
Us imports most of its oil from the Middle East is an example of
What is Interdependency
500
A foreign policy strategy advocated by George Kennan that called for the United States to isolate the Soviet Union
What is Containment Doctrine
500
Environmental, religious, and labor groups all engage in international activities to promote their causes
What is Nongovernmental Organizations
500
Oversees foreign policy by ratifying treaties, declaring war, and appropriating funds for national security issues
What is Congress
500
This event spiked defense spending recently
What is 9/11 and the war on terrorism
500
Imports exceed exports=balance of trade deficit
What is the balance of trade