30.1
a group of people with common language, culture, ethnicity, or religion
A nation
revolutions that led to rise of nation-state
American and French Revolutions
a state in which citizens are united by religion, language, culture, or law
A nation-state
In the Declaration of the Rights of Man & Citizen, political authority comes from ____________
the nation
Napoleon’s conquests spread ideas of ______________
nationalism, political equality, constitutional government
European powers agreed at the Congress of Vienna to
-maintain the balance of power
-stop nationalist revolts
1820, revolts in southern Italy were crushed by_______________________
Austria, Prussia, & Russia
1821, Greeks rebelled against ________________
The Ottomans
German Confederation consists of ________________________
(Austria, Prussia, & 37 other German states)
__________________ met in Frankfurt to write a constitution but failed to agree
German delegates
Known for ability to negotiate & compromise and developed a plan to unify German states
Otto Van Bismarck
1870, _________declared war on Prussia
France
Results of the Franco-Prussian War
-invasion of France
-capture of Emperor Napoleon III
-End of the Papal States
First emperor of Germany
King William I
1st Chancellor of a united Germany
Otto Van Bismarck
Bismarck's citizen- friendly policies.
social welfare programs, work insurance, & retirement pensions
Strongest Italian kingdom was____________
Piedmont-Sardinia
Venetia was controlled by _______________
Southern Italy & Sicily were ruled by ____________
Austria
French and Spanish
A secret organization committed to Italian Independence
Carbonari
Two important Italian nationalists & revolutionaries
Giuseppe Mazzini
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Leader of the short-lived Republic of Rome in 1848
Giuseppe Mazzini
Successfully organized a vote to unify north and south Italy
Count Camillo Cavour
First king of a unified Italy
King Victor Emmanuel II
IN 1870, Papal States lost its independence due to
The withdrawal of French troops as a result of the Franco-Prussian war.
Loyalty to the King was replaced with __________