Germany
Who was Otto von Bismarck?
Chancellor of Prussia who united Germany
Who was Francis Joseph?
The last emperor of Austria-Hungary
Who was Garbaldi?
Italian nationalist leader from Sicily and the founder of the Red Shirts
What is a pogrom?
A violent mob attack on Jews
What is a chancellor?
What was the Dual Monarchy?
The combination of Austria and Hungary into one empire.
Who was Cavour
Emmanuel's prime minister who favored realpolitik
What is the Duma?
The elected national legislature of Russia
What was the Iron Chancellor?
A nickname given to Bismarck.
How was the Dual Monarchy organized?
What was the Risorgimento?
The Italian nationalist movement
What were the zemstvos?
Elected assemblies responsible for local matters
How did Bismarck treat Austria?
As an ally or an enemy depending on the situation.
How did nationalism affect the Austria-Hungarian Empire?
Ethic groups pressed for national freedom.
What conditions favored unity?
Common language; Shared Traditions; Opposition to Napoleon
What was the October Manifesto?
Sweeping reforms promised by Czar Nicholas II
Why did Bismarck try to crush the Catholic Church?
He believed it owed loyalty to something other than the German state.
How did Balkan nationalism affect the Ottoman Empire?
Ethnic groups demanded independence
What was the source of conflict between Garibaldi and Cavour?
Cavour feared Garibaldi would set up a rival nation in the south.
˙How did Russian czars often react to change?
By increasing repression