First people to North America
Asia, Siberia, Russia (all could be correct)
People who move place to place are called what? Why do they move (2 reasons)
Nomads. They move to follow herds and weather patterns
The state and region in which the Iroquois -mainly- settled in?
Upstate New York
Identify the food and clothing the Iroquois most commonly used
Hunted deer and black bear, fished, grew corn, beans, and squash, and gathered nuts and berries.
They made most of their clothing from deerskin including long skirts, vests, leggings, moccasins and fur capes.
How many nations were in the Confederacy
5 - Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk
The name of the route people used to get to North America
The Bering Land Bridge or Beringia
identify 1 issue with the nomadic hunting life style?
Could over-hunt certain species
No certainty of food
Constantly on the move
The homes of the Iroquois were called what and they served as....
They were Longhouses and served as homes for large extended families and meeting places
Describe 2 roles men had in the Iroquois society
Apart of the Grand Council which was their government
They fought in the wars
They organized team sports
They hunted and fished
They built the longhouses/canoes
Explain Hiawatha's role in the Iroquois Confederacy and what was his goal?
He was the co-founder of the Confederacy. He wanted peace and unity among the nations
What caused the land bridge to form?
The last Ice Age which caused glaciers to form and sea levels to lower
Describe the Inuit lifestyle - 3 characteristics
Lived in Northern Canada and Alaska - Arctic region. Below freezing most of the year, cold, wintery, harsh climate.
Food – Fish, seals, caribou, whales, birds No crops
Shelter – Lived in simple tents made of animal skins and also igloos
Clothing – Used animal skins - mainly furs
What were Longhouses made out of and why?
tree and bark because this resource was so readily available to the Iroquois
Describe the role of clan mothers
They were the eldest in the tribe, they selected chiefs and also could remove them if they were not fit to rule
Explain one way the Iroquois Confederacy and the US government are similar
1) Smaller tribes or colonies created larger unified nations
2) Established set of rules and laws
3) Consensus - people come to a conclusion or general agreement
4) Both of a way to remove leaders
5) Bicameral Legislature
Explain the entire process that led to the first native people to come to North America?
Due to the last Ice Age, sea levels lowered and glaciers formed creating a path for nomads to move from Asia to North America via the Bering Land Bridge. Settlers continued south into the Americas
Describe the Lakota lifestyle - 3 characteristics
Midwest, flat ground, Great plains region. Very dry, very little rain, very hot summers, cold winters as the climate
Food – Buffalo, antelope, beans, maize (corn), pumpkin, wild fruits - plant based mainly
Shelter – Teepee out of buffalo skins
Clothing – Deer and antelope skins
Living in longhouses made of wood and bark is an example of
How the Iroquois adapted to their physicals geography
The eldest woman was in charge of the longhouse in the Iroquois society. This is an example of
The Iroquois being a matriarchal society
“My children, listen well. Remember you are brothers; that the downfall of one means the downfall of all. You must have one fire, one pipe, one war club.” - Hiawatha the Unifier
The purpose of this quote is to...
Persuade the 5 Iroquois nations to cooperate and unify into the Confederacy
One result of of the land bridge
Native American groups began living in different parts of North America. Some even went to Central and South America. All groups established settlements and adapted to their geography
Describe the Pueblo lifestyle - 3 characteristics
Southwest region - New Mexico and Arizona. Hot and dry, desert, isolated mountains and cliffs as the climate. Mesas - flat top high areas, similar to a plateau
Food – Deer, rabbit, antelope, bears, berries, corn, beans, and squash. Men hunted and women mainly farmers/gathers
Shelter – Homes made of dried mud or clay and straw known as adobe
Clothing – Dresses made of cotton and pants made of leather and furs
Explain 3 ways the geography impacted the Iroquois way of life
Used rivers and lakes to fish and travel, used the areas around them to hunt wildlife, used the fertile soil to plant crops
To what extend did geography impact the Iroquois culture (a great extent / little extent / or no extent) Provide at least 2 examples.
To a great extent. The Iroquois used their physicals geography to create their homes which were permanent settlements. It allowed them to hunt their food, and plant crops
This key symbol of the Iroquois Confederacy was made out of wampum. What is it called, who made it, and what does it represent?
Hiawatha's belt created by Hiawatha after the creation of the Iroquois Confederacy. It represents how the Iroquois put away their differences and past to create a successful unified nation