Maya, Aztec, Inca
Where were the Maya, Aztec, and Inca each located?
Maya = Central America
Aztec = Mexico
Inca = Peru
What were three reasons that the Europeans came to the Americas?
RICHES, POWER, SPREAD CHRISTIANITY
In the northwest, what resource/food was very important to the native people?
SALMON
What percentage of Native Americans were killed by diseases brought by the Europeans?
90 %
What do you call people that moved around from place to place looking for food/ resources?
NOMADS
Explain how their geography affected the farming of the Maya.
BECAUSE THEY WERE IN THE JUNGLE, THEY HAD TO CUT DOWN THE TREES AND BURN THEM TO MAKE ROOM FOR FARMING (slash and burn)
Which conquistador conquered the Inca?
Pizarro
Describe the houses that the Native Americans in the southeast lived in.
CHICKEES - ON STILTS AND NO WALLS
Which of our Founding Fathers met with the Iroquois and was impressed by their well-organized government?
Benjamin Franklin
What is the word for a movement of a large number of people into a new homeland?
MIGRATION
Explain how their geography affected the farming of the Aztec.
THEY WERE ON AN ISLAND, SO THEY HAD TO BUILD FLOATING GARDENS
The Europeans believed in the "encomienda" system where they felt entitled to the native peoples' money/taxes and labor - what were TWO reasons they felt that way?
- THE SPANISH FELT SUPERIOR
- THEY WERE SPREADING THE "GIFT" OF CHRISTIANITY
What were TWO reasons the plains tribes lived in teepees?
TO FOLLOW THE BISON:
1. THEY WERE EASY TO PUT UP/DOWN
2. THEY WERE EASY TO CARRY
What were two of the ways that the Native Americans responded to the colonists?
1. RESISTED/FOUGHT BACK
2. ADAPTED AND ASSIMILATED
3. ALLIANCES AND TREATIES
What was it called when the Cherokee were forced to walk thousands of miles to reservations in Oklahoma?
the Trail of Tears
Explain how their geography affected the farming of the Inca.
THEY WERE IN THE MOUNTAINS, SO THEY HAD TO CUT FLAT TERRACES (OR STEPS) INTO THE HILLSIDE
In the Americas, there was a strict order to the social classes - list them from most to least powerful. (Native Americans, people born in Spain, people with one Native parent and one Spanish parent, enslaved Africans, people born in America with Spanish parents)
1. PEOPLE BORN IN EUROPE
2. PEOPLE BORN IN AMERICAS W/ SPANISH PARENTS
3. PART SPANISH/PART NATIVE
4. NATIVE AMERICANS
5. ENSLAVED AFRICANS
What were TWO reasons the native Americans in the southwest lived in adobe houses?
1. WOOD/LOGS WERE NOT AVAILABLE
2. ADOBE KEPT THEM A NICE MEDIUM TEMPERATURE
Native Americans were forced to give up their culture - what were three ways the US government forced them to assimilate?
1. SPLITTING UP SHARED LAND
2. ATTENDING FAR AWAY BOARDING SCHOOLS
3. CUTTING HAIR, SPEAKING ENGLISH, NO NATIVE RELIGION
Explain two of the ways that early people may have come to the Americas.
1. THEY WALKED ACROSS A LAND BRIDGE FROM ASIA TO THE AMERICAS
2. THEY SAILED AND FOLLOWED THE KELP HIGHWAY ON THE COAST
How did the geography of the Maya civilization affect its government?
BECAUSE THE JUNGLE WAS SO THICK, IT MADE COMMUNICATION HARD, SO THE CITIES WERE ISOLATED AND EACH HAD A DIFFERENT GOVERNMENT
How were the Spanish conquistadors able to defeat the native people? Give all FOUR reasons.
WEAPONS (GUNS), DISEASES, ANIMALS (HORSES), ALLIANCES
What is “guerilla warfare”?
WHEN A SMALL GROUP OF PEOPLE USE HIT-AND-RUN AMBUSHES TO SABOTAGE THEIR ENEMY
What were TWO ways the Iroquois influenced the Founding Fathers and the creation of the United States?
1. ENCOURAGED THE UNITY OF THE 13 COLONIES
2. INSPIRED REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
How did Earth’s changing climate affect the migration of early humans?
DURING THE ICE AGE, THE SEA LEVELS DROPPED AND REVEALED A LAND BRIDGE THAT PEOPLE COULD WALK ACROSS