Slow vs. Fast Changes
The SLOW movement of sediment by wind, water, or ice is called...
Erosion
The sudden shaking or movement of a portion of the Earth is called an...
Earthquake
What is the area called in the US where most tornadoes on Earth occur?
(+50 points if you can name a state in this area)
Tornado Alley
(South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado)
The center and calmest part of the storm is called...
Eye of a hurricane
Magma that has risen to the surface of the Earth is called...
Lava
What are the 3 examples of slow changes to the Earth?
Weathering, Erosion, & Deposition
Define:
1) The point of land right above where an earthquake begins:
2) The point where the earthquake begins and rock starts to break and move.
1) Epicenter
2) Focus
What scale rates the intensity of tornadoes based on wind speed and the damage caused?
Enhanced Fujita Scale
The most dangerous area of a hurricane that surrounds the eye with a wall of clouds is called...
Eyewall
What is the region that circles the Pacific Ocean where many of Earth’s volcanoes and earthquakes happen.
Ring of Fire
Give 4 examples of how Earth changes fast:
landslide, volcano, earthquake, tsunami, tornado, hurricane
What scale tells the size, or magnitude, of earthquakes?
Richter Scale
Explain one way tornadoes and hurricanes are different?
Tornadoes happen over land, hurricanes occur over water
Tornadoes last only a few minutes, hurricanes can last several days
The scale that classifies hurricanes into five categories is called...
The Saffir-Simpson Scale
Fill in the blanks: A volcano that is erupting is called an _________________ volcano, a volcano that has not erupted but there is a possibility it can in the future is called a _______________ volcano, a volcano that erupted a long time ago and there's no possibility of it occurring again is called a ____________ volcano.
1) Active
2) Dormant
3) Extinct
State if these are slow or fast changes to the Earth:
1) Rain and water shape a mountain range
2) A glacier slides across the Earth taking rocks & soil with it
3) Lava burns plants from a volcano eruption
1) Slow
2) Slow
3) Fast
What does an earthquake cause if it is near the ocean?
Tsunami
What would you rate a tornado with wind speeds of 150mph and severe damage?
EF3
What category would you rate a hurricane with 140mph winds, extreme damage, and a 13-18ft storm surge?
Category 4
What causes volcanoes to erupt?
Tectonic plates move
Define:
1) The breaking down of rock
2) Dropping sediment into a new place
1) Weathering
2) Deposition
List one way to build an earthquake-resistant building:
Answers may vary (strong base isolator, X structure, triangle build, pagoda structure, mass damper at the roof)
How does a tornado form?
Warm air gets drawn into storm clouds, it rises above the cool air, then starts to spin down
How does a hurricane form?
When warm, wet air over the ocean water rises, it is replaced by cooler air. The cooler air will warm up and start to rise. This cycle will cause big storm clouds that rotate with the spin of the Earth.
Draw and label the three types of volcanoes:
Cinder Cone, Composite, Shield