Volcanoes
Hot liquid under the Earth's surface is known as what?
magma
Define what a flood is
an overflowing of water from its usual boundaries into an area that is usually dry
Is a dry area or a wet area at higher risk for a landslide? Why?
Wet creates mud, mud moves more than dry dirt
What do you use to determine how far away you are from an earthquake?
Time between the p and the s waves
What causes a volcano to erupt?
plate motion forces magma upward
What causes the eruption of a volcano?
Pressure from tectonic plate motion
True or false: floods only happen in areas where there are a lot of earthquakes
false
Define what a landslide is
mass movement or rock, dirt and debris downhill
Most earthquakes are triggered by the movement of what?
tectonic plates
What determines how a volcano erupts?
the magma chemistry
What is the horseshoe shaped area of the Pacific Ocean where it holds 90% of all volcanoes on Earth called?
ring of fire
What is usually the first warning sign of a flood?
Heavy rain/ quick snow melt
Main cause of a landslide is
Gravity
What measures an earthquake's strength
magnitude/ seismograph
What do we use to determine the distance from a city to the epicenter of an earthquake?
the time between the p and s waves
What kind of volcano is short, long and does not erupt in an explosive way?
Shield volcano
Why is it important to know the risk factors and warning signs of a flood
To predict, prepare and reduce the effects of the next one
How people can predict landslides (name one way)
Tilting trees or other objects, earthquakes, heavy rain
Name/ describe two of the three faults
normal- plates move away and one slips below the other
reverse- plates move toward each other one pushes above
strike-slip- plate slide past and get stuck to each other
Which type of volcano is the least explosive?
Shield Volcano
How was the state of Hawaii formed?
Name two risk factors for a flood
low elevation, densely populated area etc.
Name three warning signs of a landslide
Earthquakes, cracking in the pavement, rumbling sounds etc.
What are the two types of seismic waves and how do they move?
p waves- side to side
s waves - up and down
What does the Mercalli Scale measure?
How much damage is done by an earthquake