Matter
What are the three states of Matter?
The three states of Matter are:
-solid
-liquid
-gas
What is mass? Why is it different than weight?
Mass is how heavy something is (in kilograms).
Weight is a force and it is affected by gravity.
What is Energy? Name some different types of energy.
Energy is power that makes everything move and change.
Some different types of Energy are light energy, heat/thermal energy, sound energy, electrical energy, fuel energy, food energy, mechanical energy, chemical energy, love energy.
True or False. The world and the Universe are in constant movement.
True!
What are machines?
Machines help us perform complex tasks more easily.
Match the state of Matter to the correct characteristic.
1. Solids a. don't have a fixed shape or volume
2. Liquids b. don't have a fixed shape but have a fixed volume
3. Gases c. have a fixed shape and volume
1-C
2-B
3-A
What is volume?
Volume is how much space something takes up.
What is Motion?
Motion is movement in any direction.
What are the two types of machines?
The two types of machines are simple machines and complex machines.
Energy can cause changes of state during ______, _______, _______, and ________.
-melting
-solidification
-evaporation
-condensation
What is Density?
Density is how compact an object is.
What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources?
Renewable energy sources are constantly replaced and are clean and better for the environment. (ex. sunlight, wind, & water)
Non-renewable energy sources have limited supply and we will run out of them in the near future. They are also more contaminating. (ex. coal, petrol)
What does motion need to act upon it?
Forces! For example, a push or a pull.
What are some examples of simple machines?
a) The wheel makes transport easier and faster.
b) The lever is a bar that rests over a pivot point and makes it easier to lift heavy object with a bar (the see-saw) or to move them around (the broom).
c) The inclined plane makes it easier to move heavy objects from a lower to a higher place.
d) The pulley makes it easier to lift heavy objects with a wheel and a rope.
e) The wedge is like a small inclined plane used for cutting. We can see it in knives and axes.
f) The screw is another inclined plane only this time it goes in circles instead of in a straight ramp and it can be used to open and closed things or to secure them tightly against another surface like when we screw a picture on the wall using a screw.
What are the general properties of matter?
Mass, volume, and density
A liter of milk and a liter of sugar take up the same space but weigh _________.
a. the same
b. differently
b. differently
Give an example of one type of energy turning into a different type of energy.
a) chemical energy can be transformed into mechanical energy when we put gasoline in a car.
b) Electrical energy is transformed into light energy when we turn on the lights in the house.
c) Electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy when we use the radiators in our house.
What does the first law of motion state?
The first law of motion states that any object in motion will continue to move in the same direction and speed unless forces act on it.
What are complex machines?
Complex machines are a combination of simple machines put together to make more complex objects.
Ex. Scooter, bike, car, computer, etc.
What is the difference between homogenous mixtures and heterogenous mixtures?
Homogenous mixtures (salt & water) cannot be separated easily. Heterogenous mixtures (sand and water) can be separated easily.
How can we find the Density of an object?
We can find the Density of an object by dividing the Mass by the Volume.
D= M/V
What are different ways to turn renewable energy sources into electricity?
Hydroelectric power plants use mechanical energy from falling water.
Solar power plants use light energy from sunlight.
Wind farms have giant wind mills that use mechanical energy from wind.
What are some different factors that affect motion.
Friction, acceleration, gravity, air resistance, mass, altitude, etc.
What are tools?
Tools are machines that we use to make our lives easier.
Ex. scissors, hammer, screws, knives, sharpeners, etc.