Key Terms
A difference in a trait among individuals of the same species.
What is variation?
True or false: Natural selection changes a single organism during its lifetime.
False
The two main colors of peppered moths in this famous story.
What are light and dark?
Charles Darwin studied finches on this island group off the coast of Ecuador.
What are Galapagos Islands?
Bacteria that survive an antibiotic and reproduce form a population that is now this.
What is antibiotic resistance?
A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
What is an adaptation?
A mutation can be harmful, beneficial, or _________
What is neutral?
Factories burned coal and released this, which darkened tree bark.
What is soot?
Finches with large, strong beaks can crack these better than finches with small beaks.
What are seeds?
True or False
A trait that helps in one place may not help in another
What is true?
A group of the same species living in the same area.
What is a population?
Traits passed from parents to offspring through genes are called these.
What are inherited traits?
In 1848 the first dark peppered moth was recorded near this English city.
What is Manchester?
In 1977 this weather event left finches on Daphne Major with few small, soft seeds.
What is a drought?
Green beetles can blend in well with green plants. What is this adaptation called?
What is camouflage?
A color or pattern that helps an organism blend in with its surroundings.
What is camouflage?
This random change in DNA is the original source of brand-new variation.
What is a mutation?
By 1895 about this percent of peppered moths near Manchester were dark.
About 98%
What variation existed in the birds of Galapagos Island?
What is "beak size"?
What is fitness?
Ability to survive and reproduce
The process in which organisms with helpful traits survive and reproduce more, so those traits become more common over generations.
What is natural selection?
What are the 2 reasons for variations?
What are Mutation and sexual reproduction
These laws, passed in 1956 and 1968, reduced pollution, and dark moths became rare again.
What are clean air acts?
After the 1977 drought, the surviving finches had this kind of beak?
What is a deeper (larger) beak?
The ____________organism is always the one that survives.
What is "the best adapted"?