Lesson 1
Early Study of Evolution
Early Study of Evolution
a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring.
species
where individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
natural selection
This process occurs when a new species forms from an existing species, usually after populations become isolated.
Speciatation
embryo
the young organsim that devolops from a zygote
the what of genes can happen when one cell engulfs another
transfer
This term describes a difference in a characteristic between individuals of the same species, such as some finches having slightly thicker beaks than others.
variation
this is the general term for the natural process or system by which something takes place, such as natural selection for evolution.
mechanism
whats a way a mutation can be created
a dividing cell can make an error while copying its DNA
a species is what if it no longer exists
extinct
large organic molecule mad of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
protein
his term describes a difference in a characteristic between individuals of the same species, such as some finches having slightly thicker beaks than others.
variation
Without genetic variation among individuals, a population cannot undergo natural selection because of this reason.
all organisms would look/act exactly the same
how do individuals move between populations
sometimes birds and insects are blown to a new continent by a storm
how long ago was earth formed
4.5 billion years ago
when one organism lives inside another
endosymbiosis
This Swedish scientist developed a system for naming and classifying organisms based on their shared characteristics, which later aided evolutionary study.
Carolus Linnaeus
A mutation is considered helpful, neutral, or harmful depending entirely on this aspect of the organism's life.
its environment
process by which two species evolve in response in changes in each other over time
coevolution
These are types of fossils that leave a hollow, empty space in the exact shape of an organism after its remains have dissolved.
mold fossils
every living things needs what for genetic material
DNA
According to Lamarck's incorrect theory, if a bird used its wings less over its lifetime, this would happen to the wings of its future chicks.
they would be smaller or weaker
If a scientific simulation shows a population of dark and light beetles on dark soil, this is what will happen to the allele frequency of the light-colored gene over generations.
it will decrease
This evolutionary pattern consists of long stable periods of no change interrupted by brief, rapid bursts of significant genetic shifts and speciation.
punctuated equilibrium
Unlike relative dating which only orders rock layers, this precise laboratory method measures the decay of unstable isotopes within igneous rock layers to find the exact age of a fossil in millions of years.
Radioactive / Absolute Dating
dna stands for
Deoxryibonnucleic acid