Natural Selection
Natural Selection
Evolution
Evidence of Evolution
Natural selection and evolution
100
What is natural selection?
Species that are best adapted to their environment are able to reproduce
100
True or false : populations evolve, not individuals.
True
100
What causes evolution?
Natural selection over generations
100
Bat wings, cat paws, and whale fins are an example of this
Homolgous structure
100
What does common ancestry mean?
Species that are related shared a common ancestor
200
What is an adaptation?
Any inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival
200
The passing of a physical traits of organisms in the same species
heredity
200
What is the evidence for evolution? name three
Anatomy, fossils, embryology, DNA/amino acids, fossils
200
How are fossils used as proof of evolution?
Show how species change over time (oldest buried deepest, most recent near the surface)
200
What does the 'tree of life' show?
That animals descend from a common ancestor
300
What adaptation do polar bears have and how does it help them?
Polar bears have thick white fur which keeps them warm and allows them to hide from their prey
300
Explain which mouse is better adapted to this environment.
The grey mouse is better adapted to this environment. Its fur color blends in with the environment and therefore is not seen by predators.
300
True or false: evolution happens quickly and can change in one generation
False
300
How is Anatomy used as proof of evolution?
Species that share a common ancestor have body structures that are similar because the common ancestor had those structures
300
In an arctic habitat; are white foxes or grey foxes more likely to survive and why?
White foxes are more likely to survive becase their white coats help them blend into the snow
400
What are the 3 things needed for natural selection to happen?
variation, selection pressure, isolation
400
What proves that animals are the same species?
They can reproduce to make fertile offspring
400
Fill in the blank: Organisms with traits that _____ their chances of surviving and reproducing in their environment tend to leave more offspring
Increase
400
How is embryology proof of evolution?
Many organisms of different species look similar during early stages of development.
400
What causes variation in a population? (List at least 2)
mutations, sexual reproduction, meiosis
500
In an environment with food that grows on trees; are animals with long legs more likely to survive than animals with short legs and why?
Yes, animals with long legs, necks or any trait that makes them taller will be more likely to survive because they have easier access to food.
500
The 2 compounds we could analyse to determine if two species are closely related
Proteins & DNA
500
Fill in the blank: Natural selection over many generations causes ______
Evolution
500
How can comparing biological molecules be used to see how related 2 species are?
Comparing DNA or amino acids of species shows us who is related. The more similar the DNA is, the more recently they shared a common ancestor
500
Outline the peppered moths case study.
White and black moths, after industrial revolution, trees were stained with soot, black moths had advantage over white moths, changed population over time to make black moths survive over white moths