Evolution
Natural Selection
Adaptation
Evidence for Evolution
Miscellaneous
100
Evolution happens to __________, not __________.
Populations, not individuals
100
What is the definition of Natural Selection?
The survival and reproduction of the organisms that are genetically best fit for their environment.
100
A variation in an organism that helps it survive is called an ________________.
Adaptation
100
When two organisms share a large amount of similar DNA, what does that tell scientists?
They are closely related
100
What is the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment?
Fitness
200
What is the definition of evolution?
A theory (explanation) supported by evidence for how populations change over time.
200
When a gene increases an organism’s ability to survive, and this organism goes on to reproduce more offspring with the gene, what will eventually increase?
The frequency of the gene in the population
200
When an organism matches its surroundings in order to hide, this is an example of what type of adaptation?
Camouflage
200
In embryology, when the embryos are very similar to each other, this means… ?
They had a common ancestor
200
A group of organisms that look alike and can reproduce are called this.
A species
300
Who is the father of Evolution?
Charles Darwin
300
What are the 2 causes of the introduction of a new gene into the population?
Gene Flow and Mutation
300
This image shows what kind of adaptation?
Behavioral
300
The hip bones of a dolphin and the tailbone of a human are examples of what?
Vestigial structures
300
Why, in evolutionary terms, is it important for new individuals to come into a population?
They bring new DNA, which brings about evolution.
400
Evolution can only occur if there is______ _______.
Genetic Variety
400
A little child catches a fly and pulls its wings off. The fly actually lives a better life, but does not pass its lack of wings on to its offspring because the loss of wings is an _________ _______.
Acquired Trait
400
When an organism imitates a harmful animal (ex. coral snake imitating a king snake), it is an example of what?
Mimicry
400
Give an example of a structure that is homologous to a cat’s paw.
Answers vary: Dog’s paw, human arm, bat wing, whale flipper
400
What can fossils tell us about the past?
Some portion of: The fossil record shows us when certain organisms lived, went extinct, and which organisms lived at the same time as each other. We can also compare fossils to extant (still living) species structures to look for homologies (similarities) which would show relation to ancestors.
500
The more alike two different organisms are, the more recently they shared a __________ ___________.
Common Ancestor
500
A plant population lives in a climate where rainfall is common. Over time, the entire plant population has become well adapted to these conditions. What would be the greatest threat to the entire population’s survival?
A period of drought
500
Why are certain strains of bacteria no longer killed by the antibiotics humans have trusted to treat the diseases those bacteria cause?
The bacteria have developed resistance to the antibiotics, and those resistant bacteria have reproduced and spread.
500
Give the definition of an analogous structure.
Body parts that share a common function but have a different structure.
500
What do mammals and birds have in common?
Limbs, lungs, amniotic egg