BASIC CONCEPTS
What is the process by which organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce?
Natural Selection
Does natural selection happen naturally or by humans?
Naturally
Who controls selective breeding?
Humans
In natural selection, which organisms are more likely to survive?
Those with favorable traits
What is selective breeding?
Humans choosing parents with desirable traits to produce offspring.
Give one example of natural selection in animals.
Example: Peppered moth color change due to pollution.
Give one example of selective breeding in plants.
Example: Corn bred for bigger kernels.
What is the term for physical or behavioral traits inherited from parents?
Genetic traits
Name one difference between natural selection and selective breeding.
Natural selection is by nature; selective breeding is done by humans.
What happens to organisms with unfavorable traits?
They are less likely to survive and reproduce.
Give one example of selective breeding in animals.
Example: Dogs bred for size, coat, or temperament.
How many generations does selective breeding usually take to produce a desired trait?
Several generations
What do we call traits that help an organism survive in its environment?
Adaptations
Why is variation important for natural selection?
Variation provides traits that may help survival in changing environments.
Why do humans use selective breeding?
To produce offspring with desired traits like more milk, faster growth, or prettier flowers.
What is the relationship between mutations and natural selection?
Mutations create new traits that may be advantageous and selected for.
Give an example of an adaptation in animals.
Camel has hump to store fat for dry desert conditions.
How does overproduction of offspring help natural selection?
Only the fittest survive to reproduce.
What is a risk of selective breeding?
Reduced genetic variation and possible inherited health problems.
Why might humans avoid selective breeding for some traits?
Some traits may cause health problems or are ethically questionable.