Natural Selection
This British naturalist is famous for his study of finches and proposing the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Who is Charles Darwin?
This is another name for selective breeding, often used when talking about dogs or livestock.
What is artificial selection?
In genetic engineering, scientists modify an organism's DNA in this specific location rather than a farm.
What is a laboratory?
In natural selection, the goal is survival; in artificial selection, the goal is usually usefulness to this group.
Who are humans?
Modern corn was once a tiny grass called Teosinte. This change was caused by which process?
What is selective breeding?
This term describes a specific trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
What is an adaptation?
Unlike genetic engineering, selective breeding has been used by humans for this many years: dozens, hundreds, or thousands?
What is thousands?
This 3-letter acronym is used for food products that have had their DNA altered in a lab.
What are GMOs?
Both selective breeding and natural selection change the what of a population over time.
What are traits?
A giraffe's long neck is a result of this process.
What is natural selection?
In natural selection, this is the "selective pressure" that decides which organisms survive.
What is the environment or nature?
This common household pet was one of the first animals to be selectively bred from its ancestor, the gray wolf.
What is a dog?
Scientists can take a gene from one species and put it into another; for example, putting "glow" genes from a jellyfish into a fish.
What is gene splicing?
While selective breeding relies on natural reproduction between two parents, genetic engineering uses biotechnology to do this directly to an organism’s genome.
What is inserting or "editing" DNA/genes?
Apples that are engineered to not turn brown when sliced are a result of this.
What is genetic engineering?
This four-word phrase describes the idea that individuals best suited to their environment leave more offspring.
What is survival of the fittest?
One major disadvantage of selective breeding is a decrease in this, which can make a population more "fragile" to disease.
What is genetic diversity?
This is the primary difference between selective breeding and genetic engineering: one happens through mating, while the other happens through...
What is manipulation of DNA?
This is the main similarity between all three processes: they all result in changes to an organism's ____________.
What is DNA, traits, or genetics?
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics over several years is an example of this happening in "real-time."
What is natural selection?
Natural selection requires this "V-word" to exist within a population so that some individuals have an advantage over others.
What is variation?
Farmers often use this specific type of selective breeding to combine the best traits of two different individuals.
What is hybridization or crossbreeding?
Name one medical benefit of genetic engineering for humans, such as the production of this sugar-regulating hormone.
What is insulin?
Out of the three, which process is most likely to produce a completely new trait that never existed in that species before?
What is genetic engineering?
Thoroughbred racehorses are an example of this process.
What is selective breeding?