The Discovery of Ignorance
How Science Works
Science as a Community
Uncertainty and Confidence
Growth of Knowledge
Parker Potluck
100
Before the Scientific Revolution, where did most people believe all important knowledge came from?
→ Religion, tradition, or ancient texts.
100
True or False — Scientific knowledge is permanent and never changes.
→ False.
100
Who said science is based on communalism, universalism, disinterestedness, and organized skepticism?
→ Robert Merton (1973).
100
What is always present in scientific knowledge?
→ Uncertainty.
100
What does it mean that science is both “durable and mutable”?
→ Scientific knowledge lasts but can change with new evidence.
100
What is the name of the book mentioned for its chapter on the nature of ignorance
Sapiens
200
What realization marked the beginning of the Scientific Revolution, according to Harari?
→ That humans did not know everything—and could find answers through investigation.
200
What are scientists seeking when they study patterns and relationships in nature?
→ Rules that describe, explain, and predict phenomena.
200
Why is science considered a “communal enterprise”?
→ Because scientists build on and verify one another’s work.
200
Why should scientists communicate uncertainty in their results?
→ So others can correctly interpret reliability and limits of findings.
200
Why shouldn’t changing scientific understanding be viewed as a weakness?
→ Because revising theories shows growth and self-correction.
200
Dwayne "The Roc" Johnson FIRST career was playing Football for this College team.
The University of Miami
300
Finish the idea: “We don’t know everything—but _____.”
→ “…we can find out.”
300
Why do scientists repeat studies using new methods or in new contexts?
→ To see if results hold true and to discover the limits of rules.
300
What must researchers include when publishing results so others can build on them?
→ Clear methods, materials, results, and discussion of uncertainties.
300
What does Harari mean by science aiming for “refined degrees of confidence”?
→ Science seeks levels of reliability, not absolute truth.
300
How does new technology influence scientific development?
→ It allows new observations that can challenge existing theories.
300
This Wu-Tang Clan Rapper also has the name of a infamous movie horror figure?
Ghostface 
400
What did scientists start to value more than belief or tradition?
→ Observation and evidence.
400
What does it mean for scientific results to be “generalizable”?
→ They remain true in different contexts and can be confirmed by other scientists.
400
What is the purpose of peer review or replication in science?
→ To confirm, dispute, or refine results for reliability.
400
How can understanding uncertainty actually improve science?
→ It clarifies how confident we can be and guides better future methods.
400
Give one example from history of a theory replaced or refined by new evidence.
→ (Examples: geocentric → heliocentric; Newton → Einstein.)
400
This father and son of the TV Show Sanford and Son staring the Comedian Red Fox portrays the family business. What business were they in?
The Junk Business!1 (Salvage)
500
Why does Harari consider “not knowing” a strength rather than a weakness?
→ Because it encourages curiosity, investigation, and discovery of new knowledge.
500
How can discovering the limits of an existing rule lead to new knowledge?
→ It reveals factors that influence results and inspires new questions or theories.
500
How does “organized skepticism” strengthen science?
→ It encourages critical questioning instead of blind acceptance.
500
What attitude should scientists have toward uncertainty?
→ They should embrace and investigate it—it drives discovery.
500
What does Harari mean when he says science progresses “not linearly but through refinement”?
→ Science builds on past work, revising it toward more accurate truths
500
This This music group Public Enemy Featured Lead Rapper Chuck D and his partner and sidekick....... known for his large clock.
Flavor Flav....
