Variables
What are the three types of variables?
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controlled Variable
A student is investigating which brand of sunscreen protects skin the best from sun damage. Why should the student make sure that the experiment could be repeated by others?
A - The outcome is not reliable unless different sunscreens are tested in different ways.
B - The outcome is not reliable unless others can replicate the experiment and get similar result.
C - The outcome is not reliable unless more than one dependent variable is measured by others.
D - The outcome is not reliable unless more than one independent variable is included for others to test.
B - The outcome is not reliable unless others can replicate the experiment and get similar result.
True / False: The Scientific Method is never repeated, and can only occur once!
False!!
Science Method is a cycle and can always repeat!
True / False:
Science makes important contributions to our society!!
True
True / False: Theory transforms into a Law
False!!
Theory and Law are FUNDAMENTALLY different and explain different facets of science.
The higher the temperature of the air in the oven, the faster a cake will bake.
What is the dependent variable?
Time it takes for the cake to bake
True / False: If we cannot validate a scientific discovery, we can still accept it!
What is the very first step in ANY scientific method??
We Ask a Question & We Observe!!
Fill in the Blank:
Science uses _______ & __________ to explain observations and evidence.
Logic & Reasoning
Both Theory and Law can change.
True!
While Theory is more susceptible to change, both law and theory are subject to change.
Write down the difference between Independent Variable and Dependent Variable?
Independent Variable = cause / what you are changing in the experiment
Dependent Variable = effect / what is changing (measuring) in the experiment
Why do we repeat and create trials in science?
We repeat ourselves to validate our data and evidence!
List the steps required for the Scientific Method:
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
Observe / Question
** Background Research
Hypothesis
Experiment
Data Analysis
Conclusion
Fill in the Blank:
Science changes with new __________ & _________.
Information and Evidence
* Double Points for (that is validated) at the end of the phrase!
Write down the difference between theory vs. law
Theory: explains why or how something occurs
Law: explains / predicts what will happen
In a scientific test, what is the name of the group where nothing changes?
A - Experiment
B - Control Group
C - Experimental Group
D - Hypothesis
Some scientists are concerned that tv, radio and social media report the outcome of experiments too quickly. What would be the major scientific concern?
Conclusions may be drawn by the public before the results are replicated by other laboratories.
Imagine that your school science fair requires you to do an experiment. You decide to research the weathering of rocks. Which of the following scientific investigations would best meet your school’s requirement for a valid experiment?
A - using three samples of the same kind of rock, place one rock in lemon juice, one in vinegar, and one in orange juice to observe how different types of acids affect the speed of weathering
B - placing a rock in an acid such as lemon juice, developing a procedure for observing it, and carefully recording your findings over a period of time
C - placing a rock in an acid such as lemon juice and inferring, after a few days of careful observation, that rocks weather faster in an acid than they do in water
D - placing several different types of rocks in various types of acids and observing what changes take place in each type of rock
A - using three samples of the same kind of rock, place one rock in lemon juice, one in vinegar, and one in orange juice to observe how different types of acids affect the speed of weathering
There are 4 groups in a class that conducted the same experiment: Group A, B, C, and D. Every group except Group C got the same data. Write down what Group C SHOULD DO & what Group C SHOULD NOT DO!!
Should: Compare procedure and steps of the experiment with the rest of the groups to discover possible errors and to learn how students interpreted the data
Should NOT: Copy the data as their own OR Discard the data as false
After researching ideas and reviewing experiments about how life arose on Earth, a scientist reports in an interview that he has a new theory on the origin of life. Why is the scientist not using the term theory in its proper scientific sense?
The scientist is not using sufficient evidence and testing to support his theory - until then, his statement is a HYPOTHESIS! (DOUBLE POINTS FOR DIFFERENTIATING)
A group of students slowly poured 100 milliliters (mL) of vegetable oil, 100 mL of colored water, and 100 mL of corn syrup into a 500 mL beaker. The students observed the beaker after 5 minutes and recorded their observations in their science notebooks. Which of the following are the students most likely trying to compare? (6.N.1.4)
A - The volume of liquids
B - The density of liquids
C - The weight of liquids
D - The color of liquids
B - The density of liquids
2. Tyler is conducting an experiment in order to determine the effect that fertilizer A and fertilizer B have on the grass in his yard. He conducts multiple trials and concludes that the grass grows faster and thicker with the application of fertilizer A. How could Tyler make sure his results were valid? (6.N.1.2)
A - Tyler could change the amount of water each sample of grass received.
B - Tyler could add a third fertilizer to his experiment.
C - Another scientist could replicate the experiment.
D - Another Scientist could offer suggestions to make the experiment better.
C - Another scientist could replicate the experiment.
Naomi watches birds at a bird feeder for one week and records the number of birds seen there each day. Javier places three different types of food in separate bird feeders and records the number of birds seen at each feeder every day for one week. Which student is conducting an experiment? (6.N.1.3)
A - Naomi is conducting an experiment because she is recording data.
B - Naomi is conducting an experiment because her investigation has controlled variables.
C - Javier is conducting an experiment because his investigation has controlled variables.
D - Javier is conducting an experiment because he is recording data.
C - Javier is conducting an experiment because his investigation has controlled variables.
Diana and Jane are conducting the same scientific experiment. The experiment involves dropping different colored balls and measuring the maximum height of the first bounce in centimeters. When they compare their results, they notice that their data is very different. Which of the following is the least likely explanation for the discrepancy in their data? (6.N.1.4)
A - Diana and Jane dropped the balls from different heights.
B - Diana and Jane used different brands of bouncy balls.
C - Diana and Jane dropped the bouncy balls on different surfaces.
D - Diana and Jane conducted their experiment at different times of the day
D - Diana and Jane conducted their experiment at different times of the day
The theory of plate tectonics states that continents move because convection currents in the mantle cause the oceanic plates to move, rebuilding new seafloor that pushes on the continental plates. Why is plate tectonics a scientific theory?
A - It predicts the exact movement of the plates.
B - Plate tectonics provides a well-supported explanation for how the plates move.
C - Plate tectonics proves that oceanic crust is less dense than continental crust.
D - Plate tectonics proves how oceanic crust is made.
B - Plate tectonics provides a well-supported explanation for how the plates move.