Scientific Processes
What is a problem in a scientific investigation?
A statement or question that identifies an area of investigation.
What are independent and dependent variables?
Independent variables are manipulated; dependent variables are measured.
What is empirical evidence?
Cumulative observations and data that support scientific theories and explanations.
What methods are used in biology investigations?
Observation, experimentation, and data collection.
What is the importance of ethics in scientific research?
Ethics ensure honesty, integrity, and respect in research and reporting.
What is a problem in a scientific investigation?
Replication is when others repeat your experiment; repetition is multiple trials of your own experiment.
How can you identify the dependent variable in an experiment?
The variable that changes as a result of the independent variable.
Why is debate important in the scientific community?
It encourages scrutiny and validation of scientific findings.
Describe an investigation method used in geology.
Methods like rock sampling, geological surveys, and fossil analysis.
How can bias affect scientific investigations?
Bias can skew results and affect the validity of findings.
Name an independent variable in an experiment.
Example: The amount of light in a plant growth experiment.
Provide an example of a test variable.
Example: The amount of water given to plants.
Give an example of how scientific knowledge has changed over time.
Example: The shift from Newtonian physics to Einstein’s theory of relativity.
How do physics experiments differ from other scientific investigations?
Physics experiments often involve controlled conditions to test specific hypotheses.
Give an example of an ethical dilemma in science.
Example: Testing on human subjects without their consent.
Describe how you would collect data in a scientific investigation.
By using tools, surveys, or observations to gather information.
What is the significance of identifying variables?
Identifying variables helps ensure a fair test and accurate results.
What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?
A scientific theory explains phenomena; a law describes a consistent relationship.
What is a limitation of a scientific model?
They may oversimplify reality or not accurately represent the system being studied.
Why is informed consent important in experiments?
It ensures that participants are aware of the study's risks and benefits.
How do scientists defend their conclusions?
By using evidence, logical reasoning, and peer review to support their findings.
Explain how to control variables in an experiment
By keeping all other variables constant except the one being tested.
Why are scientific models important?
They provide simplified representations of complex systems for understanding and predictions.
Discuss the benefits of using scientific models.
They allow scientists to visualize and test theories without direct experimentation.
How do ethical guidelines support scientific integrity?
They help ensure that research is conducted responsibly and that results are credible.