Navigation Basics
What direction is 090° on a compass?
East
What chart is commonly used by pilots flying under VFR?
Sectional Chart
What is a planned route for a flight called?
A flight plan.
What instrument shows altitude?
Altimeter
If an airplane flies 120 knots for 30 minutes, how far does it travel?
60 nautical miles
What direction does a magnetic compass point toward?
Magnetic North
What do latitude lines measure?
Distance north or south of the Equator.
What does ETE stand for?
Estimated Time En Route
What does GPS stand for?
Global Positioning System
An aircraft flies 180 nautical miles at 90 knots. How long does the trip take?
2 hours
What is a heading?
The direction the aircraft's nose is pointed.
What do longitude lines measure?
Distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.
What weather factor most affects an aircraft's ground speed?
Wind
What does VFR stand for?
Visual Flight Rules
A flight covers 150 nautical miles in 1.5 hours. What is its ground speed?
100 knots
What is a course?
The intended path over the ground.
True or False: One minute of latitude equals one nautical mile.
True
What is a checkpoint in flight planning?
A visual reference point used to verify position along a route.
What is the standard aviation emergency frequency?
121.5 MHz
If a plane flies 240 nautical miles at 120 knots, how long will the flight take?
2 hours
What navigation method uses landmarks such as rivers, highways, and lakes?
Pilotage
What line on a sectional chart connects points of equal magnetic variation?
Isogonic Line
What are the four basic elements of dead reckoning?
Time, Speed, Distance, and Direction
What compass error is caused by electrical equipment in the aircraft?
Magnetic Deviation
Name the three primary methods of navigation taught to student pilots AND the four forces of flight.
1) Pilotage, Dead Reckoning, and Radio/GPS Navigation.
2) Lift, Thrust, Drag, & Weight.