THERMAL EXPANSION
As a rule of thumb concerning linear expansion of pipe per 100°F, assume _____.
3/4" per 100'
To stress relieve steel pipe, about how much of the pipe should be heated on either side of the weld?
WHAT IS
6"
Which of the following rarely needs preheating?
Low carbon steel
Before final pipe alignment can be made, the equipment MUST be set and grouted in place by the
what is
millwright
Making changes in direction between anchor points in a layout is an example of _____.
flexibility
Quick cooling of a metal while it experiences crystalline changes is called _____.
WHAT IS QUENCHING
A bimetallic device that is usually comprised of twisted wires or two dissimilar metals is called a_____.
what is
Thermocouple device
Oxyfuel torches, open-top preheaters, and induction heaters are used when _____.
what is
ovens and furnaces are not available
Loops in the piping system that absorb the movement of the line caused by expansion and contraction are known as _____.
expansion loops
Pipe stresses are caused by _____.V
temperature differentials between hot welding areas and cooler zones
Which of the following should be in place when rotating shafts are being aligned?
what is
coupling halves
What occurs when the outer diameters of the couplings are misaligned from side to side?
what is
horizontal offset
Which of the following is the formula for calculating how much a length of pipe would expand for a given change in temperature?
Length × temperature change × coefficient of expansion
What metal will form in the weld zone of quenched high-carbon alloy steel?
Martensitic steel, or martensite
Horizontal angularity means that the _____.
what is
faces of the couplings are not square with one another when viewed from the top
Until the drying process is complete, grout MUST be _____.
what is vertically combined
What name is given to the difference between the length of the installed pipe and the length the pipe should be?
The cold-spring gap
Conventional alignment is also called _____.
WHAT IS
rim-and-face alignment
Stress relieving is done below the _____.
what is
recrystallization
A pyrometer is a handheld device that measures _____.
what is inductive magnetism