Professional Practice and Ethics
What is a paid consultation?
The private practitioner offers paid consultations to schools, agencies, industries, hospitals, vocational programs, nursing homes, or community organizations. These services are helpful for individuals who can not afford full-time counseling services. Payment may be received based on a renewable contractual agreement made for a specific period of time.
What is a nuclear family?
Two or more people are related by blood, marriage, or adoption. This is typically parents and their kids.
What is the most common family structure in the USA as of 2020?
A. Single male household
B. Married couple household
C. Single female household
D. Cohabitating couple household
B. Married couples make up 46.3% of households according to 2020 census data.
When beginning a counseling relationship, the counselor is ethically required to?
A. Inform the client of the limits of confidentiality
B. Explain that everything said in session is confidential
C. Keep a detailed record of everything said in the record
D. Writer very few details of what is said during the session.
A. Inform the client of the limits of confidentiality
- intent to harm self or others
- SI
- abuse and neglect of a child
What is Gestalt psychology?
Gestalt psychology is a major part of the development of group dynamics. This theory views experiences as an organized part of a field comprised of systems co-existing, interdependent factors
What is an indemnity plan?
Indemnity plans reimburse the client directly after the client has paid for the service. The client usually pays a deductible as a qualification before any additional reimbursements are paid by the insurance company.
What is included in Maslow's love/belonging level of needs?
Need: support, caring, intimacy
individuals tend to avoid isolation and loneliness and have a need for family, intimacy, or membership where they feel they belong
What are the symptoms of a stimulant OD?
-agitated behavior
- increased body temp.
-hallucinations
- convulsions
- possible death
Premature termination of participation in a group usually occurs when an individual is:
A. not very motivated
B. highly intelligent
C. open to experiences
D. empathetic
A. not very motivated
- usually less intelligent, low motivation, high in denial
What is object relations theory?
object relations theory- asserts that the ego develops attachment relationships with external and internal objects. Relationships may result in frustration and rejection, which forms the basis of personality
What are expense-sharing groups?
Expense sharing groups share resources and costs but not office space. Counselors can benefit from local, state, and national counseling group relationships. Group practices gives the counselors an outlet from isolation and burnout associated with private practice.
What is synesthesia?
synesthesia is when stimulation of one sensory modality triggers the stimulation of another sensory modality. (ex. see the color of words, taste shapes)
What are the symptoms of a cannabis OD?
-fatigue
-lack of coordination
-paranoia
Which of the following is based on the assumption that individuals have an innate desire for personal relationships and are motivated to engage in behaviors that promote autonomy and self-efficacy?
A. Self-fulfilling prophecy
B. Self-growth model
C. Self-actualization process
D. Self-determination theory
D. Self-determination theory
People are motivated by competence, connection, and autonomy, which are all required for psychological growth
What is placating in family relationships?
placating- the role played by some people in the reaction to stress or threat within the family. The placating person reacts to internal stressors by trying to please others, often in irrational ways.
EX. Bribing a child with poor behavior with a sucker if they quit poor behavior.
How does the AHRQ define integrated care?
(Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)
"the care a patient experiences as a result of a team of primary care and behavioral health clinicians, working together with patients and families, using a systematic and cost-effective approach."
According to Freud what is the ID?
The level of personality that comprises basic instinctual drives and is the only part of personality present at birth. The id seeks immediate gratification of primitive needs and adheres to the pleasure principle.
What is classical conditioning theory?
Developed in 1980 by Pavlov- conditioned responses associated with circumstances where a stimulus triggers a specific response. EX- dog salivates at sound of a bell because it means meal time, people with addictions being in areas where they used
To help establish collaborative tx plan goals, a counselor states, "imagine waking up tomorrow and something happens- a miracle has occurred, and your problems no longer exist. What would this look like for you?" This technique follows which approach?
A. Motivational Interviewing- MI
B. Solution Focused Brief Therapy- SFBT
C. Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy- REBT
D. Reality Therapy
B. Solution Focused Brief Therapy- SFBT
used to help improve motivation and make measurable behavior changes
What is Bandura's social learning theory?
Created in 1969.
based on watching people- ex violence watched on tv = violence in real life
Behaviorists use- relaxation techniques, imagery, systematic desensitization, reinforcement contingencies, positive role models, and token economies
What is stratified random sampling?
Dividing a population into desired groups (age, income, gender, ect), and then using a simple random sample from each stratified group
Describe Piaget's pre-operational stage of cognitive development.
- 2 to 7 years
- development of symbolic thought draws from sensory-motor thinking
- conceptual ability is not yet developed
What is operant conditioning?
-Negative- withdrawal
-Positive- relief of withdrawal by using substance
A client states, "I know I have a problem, but I don't know if I am ready to change." According to James Prochaska and Carol DiClemente's transtheoretical model (TTM) of the stages of change, the client is operating from which stage?
A. Precontemplation
B. Contemplation
C. Preparation
D. Maintenance
B. Contemplation
In this stage, the client considers making a change- aware of the problem but does not how or if they want to change
How is behavioral therapy used for OCD?
- combined exposure with training to delay obsessive responses, best used with pharmacology
-steady decrease of rituals by exposure to anxiety-producing situations until they learn control
- reduction of obsessive thoughts by using reminders or noxious stimuli to stop the train-of-thought- ex. snapping a rubber band